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Insight, issue 27, August 2007

The articles in this issue include: Ageing workers; Numbers up for VET students and courses; VET offers positive ou... Show more
The articles in this issue include: Ageing workers; Numbers up for VET students and courses; VET offers positive outcomes for prisoners; New priorities to guide VET research; and NCVER awarded national research contract. These brief articles provide information about recent research projects and new and forthcoming publications.
Also included are articles summarising the keynote presentations delivered as part of the 16th National Vocational Education and Training Research (No Frills) Conference at Alice Springs in July 2007: Indigenous desert people proving mainstream mismatch; Future demand for VET and higher education; Building organisational capability 101; and NCVER helps build research capacity.
Where documents are available online, web addresses (URLs) are provided and all reports are indexed in the VOCED database once they are published.
The international article in this issue is ‘Recognising the benefits of non-formal and informal learning’. It discusses some of the key and emerging themes and policy issues relating to the significance of learning outside the formal education system. Show less

Corporate authors: National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER)

Date: 2007

Geographic subjects: Oceania; Australia

Resource type: Journal issue

Subjects: Vocational education and training; Research; Students ... [+] Show more
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Technology and the demand for skill: an analysis of within and between firm differences

We estimate the effects of technology investments on the demand for skilled workers using longitudinally integrated... Show more
We estimate the effects of technology investments on the demand for skilled workers using longitudinally integrated employer-employee data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics Program infrastructure files spanning two Economic Censuses (1992 and 1997). We estimate the distribution of human capital and its observable and unobservable components within each business for each year from 1992 to 1997. We measure technology using variables from the Annual Survey of Manufactures and the Business Expenditures Survey (services, wholesale and retail trade), both administered during the 1992 Economic Census. Static and partial adjustment models are fit. There is a strong positive empirical relationship between advanced technology and skill in a cross-sectional analysis of businesses in both sectors. The more comprehensive measures of skill reveal that advanced technology interacts with each component of skill quite differently: firms that use advanced technology are more likely to use high-ability workers, but less likely to use high-experience workers. These results hold even when we control for unobservable heterogeneity by means of a selection correction and by using a partial adjustment specification.
Published abstract reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. Show less

Authors: Abowd, John M.; Haltiwanger, John C.; Lane, Julia; McKinney, Kevin L. ... [+] Show more

Corporate authors: Institute for the Study of Labour (Germany) (IZA)

Date: 2007

Geographic subjects: North America; United States

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: IZA discussion paper

Subjects: Technology; Skills and knowledge; Research ... [+] Show more
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Ageing workforces and ageing occupations: a discussion paper

The discussion paper on ageing workforces and ageing occupations identifies emerging issues on research and policy ... Show more
The discussion paper on ageing workforces and ageing occupations identifies emerging issues on research and policy in relation to ageing workforces and ageing occupations. [The New Zealand Department of Labour] DoL commissioned the Labour Market Dynamics group at Massey University to review [New Zealand] NZ and international research and identify emerging issues and knowledge gaps for ageing workforces and ageing occupations. The discussion paper: outlines the changing nature of work and its relationship to demographic changes; identifies the extent of workforce ageing in NZ, and particular occupations where ageing is a significant phenomenon; identifies emerging issues in research and policy; and identifies knowledge gaps in relation to workforce ageing and ageing occupations.
Published summary reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. Show less

Authors: Alpass, Fiona; Mortimer, Ruth

Corporate authors: New Zealand. Department of Labour (DOL) ... [+] Show more

Date: 2007

Geographic subjects: Oceania; New Zealand

Resource type: Government report or paper

Subjects: Participation; Labour market; Outcomes ... [+] Show more
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Older male workers and job mobility in Australia

Extending the working life of older workers, defined in this study as between 55 and 64 years of age, is an importa... Show more
Extending the working life of older workers, defined in this study as between 55 and 64 years of age, is an important policy goal in Australian and overseas in the context of an ageing society. However, current research on older workers' job mobility is scant, except for the established finding that older workers have lower job mobility rates than younger workers. This article addresses this void with an analysis of the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Labour Mobility Survey data. An alternative job mobility classification framework from that published by the ABS is developed, which distinguishes those successful at job mobility, those unsuccessful at job mobility, and those continuously employed. The composition of each group is analysed by educational status, industry and occupation, in order to determine the defining features of each group. However, findings suggest that the main influence on the likelihood of successful job mobility for older males is the voluntary or otherwise nature of their separation from employment. These findings have important implications for the federal government's predominantly supply-sided policy reforms aimed at older workers.
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Authors: O'Brien, Martin

Date: 2007

Geographic subjects: Australia; Oceania

Resource type: Article

Journal title: International journal of employment studies

Subjects: Labour market; Gender; Employment ... [+] Show more
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The effects of pension rights and retirement age on training participation: evidence from a natural experiment

This paper uses a natural experiment approach to identify the effects of an exogenous change in future pension bene... Show more
This paper uses a natural experiment approach to identify the effects of an exogenous change in future pension benefits on workers’ training participation. We use unique matched survey and administrative data for male employees in the public sector in the Netherlands who were subject to a major pension reform in 2006. We compare training participation of workers who were born in 1949 and remain entitled to generous pension rights under the old system to those who were born in 1950 and are subject to a new less generous system. We find that the exogenous shock in pension rights postpones expected retirement and has a small but positive effect on training participation of older workers. Show less

Authors: Montizaan, Raymond; Corvers, Frank; Grip, Andries de

Conference name: International Conference on Economics of Education

Date: 2007

Geographic subjects: Europe; Netherlands

Resource type: Conference paper

Subjects: Finance; Income; Employment ... [+] Show more
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Creating older entrepreneurs: a development dilemma

Purpose - The aim of this paper is to examine retired workers and the development of entrepreneurs. Design/methodol... Show more
Purpose - The aim of this paper is to examine retired workers and the development of entrepreneurs. Design/methodology/approach - The paper looks at aspects of retirement such as transfer of learning and limitations to ambition with a view to the possibility of the development of entrepreneurship. Findings - The paper finds that the would appear to be a need for a new kind of support service that helps retired people to be economically active. Originality/value - The paper provides useful information on the development of entrepreneurs among the retired.
Published abstract reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. Show less

Authors: Gray, Harry

Date: 2007

Geographic subjects: Europe; Great Britain

Resource type: Article

Journal title: Development and learning in organizations: an international journal

Subjects: Industry; Employment; Skills and knowledge
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Australian jobs 2007

This guide presents information about the Australian labour market, including past employment trends, projected emp... Show more
This guide presents information about the Australian labour market, including past employment trends, projected employment growth by industry and occupation and information on job prospects. This information is useful for those exploring careers as well as those currently seeking a job or wanting assistance to enter or re-enter the labour market. The contents include: Labour market overview; State and Territory labour markets; Industry overview; Industry profiles; Occupational and skill overview; Occupational projections and prospects; Education and employment; Employability skills; Apprenticeships; Employment services; Youth services; Mature age employment; Parents on income support; Disability support services; Indigenous employment; Culturally and linguistically diverse; Guide to job prospects matrix; Occupational summary. Show less

Corporate authors: Australia. Department of Employment and Workplace Relations (DEWR)

Date: 2007

Geographic subjects: Oceania; Australia

Resource type: Statistical series

Series name: Australian jobs

Subjects: Youth; Apprenticeship; Disability ... [+] Show more
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Will we run out of young men?: implications of the ageing of the population for the trades in Australia

The ageing society has been attracting the attention of policy makers in Australia and in many other countries. Thi... Show more
The ageing society has been attracting the attention of policy makers in Australia and in many other countries. This paper considers the labour market for the traditional trades in Australia over the next 40 years and investigates whether the ageing society will pose a workforce problem. The broad conclusion is that the ageing society will significantly impact on the size of the potential trades workforce, but that this is unlikely to result in shortages. Rather, any shortage is more likely to occur if the trades lose their attractiveness relative to other occupations. Moreover, the age distribution of the trades workforce will remain largely unaltered. Show less

Authors: Karmel, Tom; Ong, Koon

Date: 2007

Geographic subjects: Oceania; Australia

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Workforce development; Policy; Skills and knowledge ... [+] Show more
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BMW-Leipzig, Germany: increasing the labour market participation of underrepresented groups: women

BMW's decision to build a state-of-the-art factory in Leipzig involved a progressive and innovative employment poli... Show more
BMW's decision to build a state-of-the-art factory in Leipzig involved a progressive and innovative employment policy to retrain and employ long-term unemployed women and elderly workers. Known as 'Poleposition', 647 unemployed people have successfully completed the course and achieved gainful employment at BMW-Leipzig.
Published abstract reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. Show less

Date: 2007

Geographic subjects: Europe; Germany

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Vocational education and training; Workforce development; Industry ... [+] Show more
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Employment at older ages and the changing nature of work

This report looks at a range of job demands faced by contemporary workers in the US, how these have changed over ti... Show more
This report looks at a range of job demands faced by contemporary workers in the US, how these have changed over time, and what they could possibly be like in the future. By linking information on occupational characteristics from the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) to the March 1971 and March 2006 Current Population Surveys, the authors discover a sharp decline in the physical demands of jobs over the past 35 years. Not only are jobs less physically demanding, they are less likely to involve difficult working conditions. However, jobs have become more cognitively challenging and more stressful. In the future, the authors conclude that the prevalence of job demands will not change much in coming decades if the occupational growth trends projected by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics continue through 2041 and if the job demands of particular occupations remain constant. They suggest that this is a good scenario for the employability of older adults and the extension of working lives.
Published summary. The copyright on this document is held by The Urban Institute. Show less

Authors: Johnson, Richard W.; Mermin, Gordon B. T.; Resseger, Matthew

Corporate authors: Urban Institute (U.S.)

Date: 2007

Geographic subjects: North America; United States

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Outcomes; Employment

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