Search Results | VOCEDplus, the international tertiary education and research database

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Measuring the effect of student loans on the college dropout rate

Most governments around the world offer student loans to help disadvantaged students to enroll in college to reduce... Show more
Most governments around the world offer student loans to help disadvantaged students to enroll in college to reduce the attainment gap between rich and poor. However, we know little about the consequences of these loans. The reduction of the gap depends not only on initial enrollment but also on the dropout rate before graduation. This paper shows how the availability of loans affects the dropout rate in college. Two programs in Chile assign loans based on a cutoff in the national college admission test, enabling a regression discontinuity design. The analysis uses on students who were not induced by the loan to enroll in the first year. I show that access to loans reduces the dropout rate by 25 percentage points and is highly persistent over time (up to the fifth year after initial enrollment). At the cutoff, access to loans allows eliminating the differences in the dropout rate by family income. Finally, I find that students are not sensitive to tuition costs when loans are available.
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Authors: Solis, Alex

Date: 2019

Geographic subjects: Chile; South America

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: University of Uppsala Department of Economics working paper

Subjects: Finance; Outcomes; Students ... [+] Show more
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Changing international aid to education: global patterns and national contexts

International aid to education is changing and this book examines some of the new directions regarding internationa... Show more
International aid to education is changing and this book examines some of the new directions regarding international development cooperation, globalisation, international funding and technical-assistance agencies, as well as national responses to changes in international development cooperation. Contributing authors represent a cross-section of leading scholars and key officials in international funding agencies and in national bodies in the North and in the South.
Part one is entitled 'Development co-operation in the context of globalization' and contains the following chapters: The new boundaries of international development co-operation / Jacques Forster; The future of international aid to education: a personal reflection / Aklilu Habte; Aid, international co-operation and globalization: trends in the field of education / Michel Carton; Education, development and assistance: the challenge of the new millennium / Simon McGrath. Part two is entitled 'New approaches to development co-operation among international funding and technical-assistance agencies' and contains the following chapters: Educational multilateralism at a crossroads / Karen Mundy; Education and development co-operation: a UNESCO perspective / Wyn Courtney; Development aid in education: a personal view / Stephen P. Heyneman; The Europeanization of aid / Wolfgang Gmelin; Education and geopolitical change in Africa: a case for partnership / Lennart Wohlgemuth; Changing frameworks and practices: the new Department for International Development of the United Kingdom / Myra Harrison; Redefining strategies of assistance: recent trends in Japanese assistance to education in Africa / Yumiko Yokozeki and Nobuhide Sawamura; Non-governmental organizations as partners in Africa: a cultural analysis of North-South relations / Juliet Elu and Kingsley Banya.
Part three is entitled 'New directions for aid practice: constraints and opportunities' and contains the following chapters: Aid co-ordination through the other end of the telescope / Henry Kaluba and Peter Williams; Co-ordination of aid to education at the country level: some experiences and lessons from the United Republic of Tanzania in the 1990s / Lene Buchert; Aid co-ordination in theory and practice: a case study of Botswana and Namibia / Ulla Kann. Part four is entitled 'National responses to changes in international development co-operation' and contains the following chapters: Aid to South African education: a case of the reluctant recipient? / Kenneth King; Educational policies, change programmes and international co-operation: the case of Chile / Cristian Cox and Beatrice Avalos; Issues amidst assistance: foreign aid to education in China / Kai-ming Cheng; Development assistance to primary education in India: transformation of enthusiastic donors and reluctant recipients / Jandhyala B. G. Tilak. Show less

Authors: King, Kenneth; Buchert, Lene

Date: 1999

Geographic subjects: Asia; South America; Africa ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Edited book

Series name: Education on the move

Subjects: Globalisation; Finance; Governance
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Modeling the impacts of national and institutional financial aid opportunities on persistence at an elite Chilean university

Much of the recent Chilean educational debate and reform has centered around issues of higher education cost, debt ... Show more
Much of the recent Chilean educational debate and reform has centered around issues of higher education cost, debt burden, and availability of grants versus loans. This quantitative case study of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile sought to understand the longitudinal contributions of combinations of types of financial aid to persistence of low-income students. The results identified that the aggregate availability of both grants and loans at the university-level has a net positive contribution beyond the contributions of national-level grants and loans. In finest distinction, however, only ministry aid (in the form of need-based grants and loans) decreased the likelihood of dropping out. Such findings suggest that universities may want to consider carefully as part of a comprehensive persistence plan how they leverage institution-level contributions to student aid packages.
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Authors: Horn, Catherine; Santelices, Maria Veronica; Avendano, Ximena Catalan

Date: 2014

Geographic subjects: Chile; South America

Resource type: Article

Journal title: Higher education

Subjects: Higher education; Equity; Finance ... [+] Show more
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Education reform in Chile: designing a fairer, better higher education system

Chile is a country at the crossroads. Following dramatic economic growth in the last two decades, it is the only So... Show more
Chile is a country at the crossroads. Following dramatic economic growth in the last two decades, it is the only South American country to join the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), yet remains the most unequal OECD country. Increasing educational attainment holds promise for reducing this income inequity, but Chile must first correct failures in its largely market-based education sector in order to drive increased attainment for all Chileans. We are focusing on the issues at the core of current Chile's policy discourse on higher education reforms. The report outlines structural challenges prevalent in the higher education system and offers its own set of recommendations. It is organized as follows: the first section considers the context of education reforms in Chile and sets out our approach to considering the higher education system and the second section identifies the key issues that need to be addressed and outlines a set of recommendations for system wide reforms.
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Authors: Arango, Maria; Evans, Stuart; Quadri, Zaitun

Date: 2016

Geographic subjects: Chile; South America

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Higher education; Providers of education and training; Quality ... [+] Show more
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Early impacts of college aid

We analyze the impact of an expansion in government aid for higher education in Chile in a sample of elementary and... Show more
We analyze the impact of an expansion in government aid for higher education in Chile in a sample of elementary and high school students. Using students who had an alternative source of funding as a control group, and administrative records before and after the reform, we present evidence that students are affected in different ways. First, we show that parents of students who ex ante were more likely to be credit restricted are more likely after the reform to report that their child ends up completing college. Second, we find that students in the same groups that increase their college expectations, obtain a score in high-stakes examination that actually qualified them for college aid. Third, we find that lifting future credit restrictions reduces the probability of dropping out of high school.
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Authors: Caceres-Delpiano, Julio; Giolito, Eugenio; Castillo, Sebastian

Date: 2018

Geographic subjects: Chile; South America

Resource type: Article

Journal title: Economics of education review

Subjects: Students; Participation; Finance ... [+] Show more
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Credit constraints in higher education in a context of unobserved heterogeneity

This article tests the existence of credit constraints on higher education access by estimating actual marginal ret... Show more
This article tests the existence of credit constraints on higher education access by estimating actual marginal returns in the context of unobserved heterogeneity. [The authors] estimate higher education returns for those who attended and compare them with those of individuals who are at the margin of attending. Following the (Carneiro and Heckman, 2002) reasoning, if the returns of the latter group are larger than those of the former one [there could be the] presence of unobservable barriers to higher education access, such as credit constraints. [The authors] use a rich administrative database composed of three sources: data of enrollment and graduation from the Chilean higher education system, test scores, and labor market outcomes from the Chilean Unemployment Insurance database. [The authors'] results suggest that there is no evidence of credit constraints for enrolling into the Chilean higher education system. However, [they] do find some evidence of credit constraints in graduation.
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Authors: Rojas, Eugenio; Sanchez, Rafael; Villena, Mauricio G.

Date: 2016

Geographic subjects: Chile; South America

Resource type: Article

Journal title: Economics of education review

Subjects: Finance; Higher education; Equity ... [+] Show more
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Lessons from Chile's transition to free college

Supporters of free college proposals in the U.S. often look to Europe for case studies, but Chile may actually prov... Show more
Supporters of free college proposals in the U.S. often look to Europe for case studies, but Chile may actually provide a better comparative study. Tuition-free higher education emerged in Chile as a popular idea in the wake of the massive student protests in 2011 in response to what students argued was unaffordable tuition, high student debt, and large concentration of enrollments in private higher education institutions. Chilean lawmakers ultimately adopted a tuition-free policy in 2016, or 'gratuidad' in Spanish. This policy is not as sweeping as it may seem. Policymakers included a number of features to limit its cost and scope. Not all colleges and universities are eligible to participate and others opted not to; the benefit is restricted to students with low and middle incomes; and many students eligible for gratuidad already had access to generous amounts of government-issued grants and scholarships. Notably, more low-income students gained access to government aid under gratuidad because the program does not require students to meet a test-score cutoff, unlike the system of grants and loans it partially replaced. Public universities, which must offer free tuition under gratuidad, argue that government appropriations are not sufficient to make up for the lost tuition revenue and cover the costs of educating students. Empirical evidence suggests that absent a large increase in capacity at Chilean universities, gratuidad is likely to crowd out low-income students.
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Authors: Delisle, Jason; Bernasconi, Andres

Date: 2018

Geographic subjects: Chile; South America; United States ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: Evidence speaks reports

Subjects: Finance; Higher education; Students ... [+] Show more
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Effects of policies promoting the work-life balance in the development of women who lead MSMEs, in the context of the post-COVID-19 economic recovery

This project aims to research the effects of policies that promote work-life balance within [Asia-Pacific Economic ... Show more
This project aims to research the effects of policies that promote work-life balance within [Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation] APEC economies on the ability of women to progress in their careers, particularly in leading [micro, small and medium enterprises] MSMEs in the [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 economic recovery scenario. The report is divided into seven sections, beginning with an introduction. The next section presents a theoretical framework, the third one, a literature review of work-family balance policies in the APEC economies, followed by a brief discussion of these policies implemented within the COVID framework. Following a description of the study's methodology, the cases that underwent in-depth analysis are detailed in the section that follows. Finally, the last section shows the toolkit for framing the work-family balance policies that can be regarded as best practices.
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Corporate authors: Peru. Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations

Date: 2023

Geographic subjects: Australia; New Zealand; Oceania ... [+] Show more Zealand; States">United States; America">North America; for Hong Kong (China)">Hong Kong (China); America">South America; [-] Show less

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Gender; Equity; Management ... [+] Show more
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Determinants of persistence and the role of financial aid: lessons from Chile

This article explores the determinants of persistence in the Chilean higher education system, considering academic ... Show more
This article explores the determinants of persistence in the Chilean higher education system, considering academic and socio-demographic factors as well as the role of financial aid. The financial aid policy for students in Chile has undergone major changes over the last decade, which has allowed individuals from usually underrepresented income groups to enroll in higher education institutions. This analysis combines information from four public administrative agencies, obtaining a sample of over 75 per cent of all high school graduates for the period 2007-2010. Methods include descriptive statistics, logistic regression and propensity score matching (PSM).
Both continuous persistence and reentry were studied at the system and at the institutional level for all four cohorts. Descriptive results show that short- and long-term dropout rates at the system level are high, and dropout rates are even higher at the level of institutions. Findings from the PSM show that the non-subsidized state loan is the instrument that displays the strongest correlation with persistence and it holds homogeneously across students from different socioeconomic groups. Among grants, [the authors] find consistently positive effects of need-based grants targeting low-income students attending technical institutions. [The authors] provide educational policy recommendations based on [the] findings.
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Authors: Santelices, Maria Veronica; Catalan, Ximena; Kruger, Diana I.; Horn, Catherine

Date: 2016

Geographic subjects: Chile; South America

Resource type: Article

Journal title: Higher education

Subjects: Higher education; Participation; Finance ... [+] Show more
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Exploring policy options on teleworking: steering local economic and employment development in the time of remote work

This paper explores and classifies some of the most common policy options adopted by national, regional and local p... Show more
This paper explores and classifies some of the most common policy options adopted by national, regional and local policy makers in the context of or prior to the [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 pandemic to enable, encourage and make the most of teleworking. It also considers efforts to foster the attraction and retention of remote workers and entrepreneurs in particular places. The current crisis represents, among other things, a mass experiment in teleworking, unprecedented in size and scope. A shift towards large-scale, long-lasting teleworking would have profound implications for the geography of local employment. However, [small and medium enterprises] SMEs may be less equipped than larger firms to face this change. Public policy can play an important role in turning teleworking into an opportunity for all, to minimise the potential of widening pre-existing disparities between people, places and firms.
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Authors: Corbetta, Mattia

Date: 2020

Geographic subjects: Europe; North America; Asia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) working paper

Subjects: Employment; Industry; Participation ... [+] Show more

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