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TVET response to poverty alleviation in sub regional Asia Pacific countries (Philippines, Malaysia, Mongolia and Myanmar)

Technical and vocational education and training (TVET) sub-sector reform in the Philippines, Malaysia, Mongolia and ... Show more
Technical and vocational education and training (TVET) sub-sector reform in the Philippines, Malaysia, Mongolia and Myanmar is a priority in their national development agendas. Mismatching of skills with the labour market is a considerable obstacle in attempts to increase the employment rates. Therefore the TVET systems in each country must address quality training to meet labour market demands if employment is to improve. As well, each country is interested in entrepreneurship as a means to improve the economy and alleviate poverty. Each country's TVET system is discussed and the paper concludes that efforts in carrying out systematic research in improving TVET skills and enhancing entrepreneurship is needed.
The volume containing this paper is indexed at TD/TNC 100.801; individual papers may be found from TD/TNC 100.802 to TD/TNC 100.839. Show less

Authors: Talosig, Romeo O.; Hamat, Mohamad Amin; Hassan, Halimah binti Che; Chimid, Tungalag ... [+] Show more

Conference name: International Symposium on Skills Development for Poverty Alleviation

Date: 2009

Geographic subjects: Philippines; Malaysia; Mongolia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Conference paper

Subjects: Disadvantaged; Employment; Finance ... [+] Show more
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COVID-19 and labor markets in Southeast Asia: evidence from Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Viet Nam

This report examines the impacts of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on labor markets in Indonesia, Mala ... Show more
This report examines the impacts of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on labor markets in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Viet Nam. Labor markets in Southeast Asia were particularly hit hard in 2020, when government containment measures were most severe. COVID-19 has exacerbated growing inequalities in the region - hurting not just low-skilled workers but also middle-skilled workers whose jobs were already at risk from automation even before the pandemic. Large gaps in social protection coverage were also exposed. While the policy response has been significant, a narrowing fiscal space and the protracted nature of the pandemic still pose major challenges for recovery. The report aims to help policymakers identify priorities, constraints, and opportunities for developing effective labor market strategies for economic recovery and beyond.
Excerpt from publication. Show less

Authors: Khatiwada, Sameer; Achkar Hilal, Souleima El; Arao, Rosa Mia; Generalao, Ian Nicole

Date: 2021

Geographic subjects: Asia; Indonesia; Malaysia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Labour market; Economics; Employment ... [+] Show more
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Skilled workforce in ASEAN region: issues, challenges, and way forward

Southeast Asia is one of the most dynamic and fastest growing regions in the world. With a total of 646 million peo ... Show more
Southeast Asia is one of the most dynamic and fastest growing regions in the world. With a total of 646 million people and a wealth of natural resources, the region has an expanding middle class as well as a young, dynamic and increasingly well-educated population. Nevertheless, within the region, many workers are still engaged in informal employment, frequently for long hours, without reliable income and social protection coverage. The region, especially the [Association of Southeast Asian Nations] ASEAN-5 countries (Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, and the Philippines), lacks industry-ready skilled workers, despite its vibrant demography. Brunei has difficulties in equipping its labour force with the necessary research and development skills, while CLMV (Cambodia, Lao, Myanmar and Vietnam) economies broadly lack coherent technical education, necessary for industrial development.
ASEAN's renewed commitment in enhancing the quality of its human resources, recently expressed in the ASEAN Declaration on Human Resources Development for The Changing World of Work, highlights the importance of skill development through various modes (formal, non-formal, and informal learning) as an integral part of lifelong learning. This paper provides background regarding the current state of the workforce in ASEAN, including issues and challenges as well as the regional and national initiatives implemented in response. The paper also offers recommendations, especially related to human resources development through [technical and vocational education and training] TVET, as means of addressing the existing employment issues.
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Authors: Paryono

Date: 2022

Geographic subjects: Asia; Brunei; Cambodia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Skills and knowledge; Vocational education and training; Labour market ... [+] Show more
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Evidence of skills shortages and general trends in employment and the value of better labour market information systems

Labour shortages or mismatches are a major factor inhibiting investment and economic development across [Asia-Pacif ... Show more
Labour shortages or mismatches are a major factor inhibiting investment and economic development across [Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation] APEC. In order to establish an appropriate regional response to the supply of skilled labour it is necessary to adopt a comprehensive strategy for monitoring labour force demand and supply across the APEC region. This report outlines the reasoning.
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Authors: Iredale, Robyn; Toner, Phillip; Turpin, Tim; Fernandez-Esquinas, Manuel

Date: 2014

Geographic subjects: Asia; Oceania; North America ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Labour market; Skills and knowledge; Employment ... [+] Show more
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Increasing technopreneurs for a developing nation: the Majlis Amanah Rakyat (MARA) experience

The prevalence of advanced technology necessitates a change in the way people do businesses with technology. Techno ... Show more
The prevalence of advanced technology necessitates a change in the way people do businesses with technology. Techno-entrepreneurs are those who have technopreneurship skills where they operate businesses by optimising the use of technology to innovate new products and services. Technopreneurship is a process of merging technology prowess with entrepreneurial talent and skills. Thus, developing technopreneurship skills (to increase technopreneurs) is becoming an important goal of TVET in Malaysia. Majlis Amanah Rakyat (MARA), being a statutory agency and the largest in the Ministry of Rural and Regional Development, plays a dual role in education and entrepreneurship development. In line with its tagline 'Entrepreneurship and Global Education', MARA has been successfully implementing its education transformation in [technical vocational education and training] TVET in line with the country's economic direction. MARA synergizes entrepreneurship and vocational training with the aim to create 'glocal' technopreneurs. The aim of this study was to identify the factors that contribute to the success of MARA in transforming into an effective agency in providing Technopreneurship Development initiatives and programs. Literature study was the main method used to gather information. The findings indicate that the success of the agency in increasing the number of technopreneurs was made possible through a well formulated and implemented strategic plan. Among the strategies adapted is the establishment of an Incubator, MARA Technopreneur Program, Tech-Entrepreneur Program (PUTEK), Innovation and Research Unit (UNI), International Relation Unit, and MARA Cooperation Alumni graduate TVE institutions (KALAM). Through their implementations, MARA has supported Malaysian demand for technopreneurs.
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Authors: Suradi, Salpiah; M. Yasin, Ruhizan; Rasul, Muhamad Sattar

Date: 2017

Geographic subjects: Malaysia; Asia

Resource type: Article

Journal title: Journal of technical education and training

Subjects: Industry; Technology; Labour market ... [+] Show more
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A study of employability skills: from the employers and youth perspectives

The issues of skills mismatched among the youth and employers appear to be very intense in Malaysia. The unemployed ... Show more
The issues of skills mismatched among the youth and employers appear to be very intense in Malaysia. The unemployed youth are actively seeking jobs and trying to fulfill the criteria needed by employers to get hired. However, many failed to fulfill the requirements due to skills mismatched. This situation does not show that the supply meets the demand in terms of youth employment and job vacancies.
Thus, this study aimed to explore the perceptions of employers and youth regarding the employability skills required by the youth to secure employment and any disparities in their perceptions. This study was a cross-sectional survey research design and employed a quantitative method by distributing a set of questionnaires that adapted from the Secretary's Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills (SCANS) to two groups of respondents which are employers (n=375) and youth (n=384) in Batu Pahat, Johor.
Descriptive analyses and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze the data. The findings showed significant differences in the perception levels of employers and youth regarding most of the employability skills assessed except for Basic Skills. The results from this study can be used to enhance the understanding of employability skills as well as to be the guidelines for policy-making decisions to find mutual expectations and reduce the expectation gaps between these two groups.
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Authors: Holidi, Nur Amalina; Abu Seman, Noor Aslinda

Date: 2023

Geographic subjects: Malaysia; Asia

Resource type: Article

Journal title: Journal of international business, economics and entrepreneurship

Subjects: Skills and knowledge; Youth; Employment ... [+] Show more
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Graduate readiness for the employment market of the 4th industrial revolution: the development of soft employability skills

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is, first, to examine student perspectives of their university experience in ter ... Show more
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is, first, to examine student perspectives of their university experience in terms of the soft employability skills they develop; second, how prepared those students feel for the future employment market and finally investigate whether there are differences in perceptions between Chinese and Malaysian students given their different educational experience. Design/methodology/approach: In this study, 361 predominantly Chinese undergraduate students at two universities, one in China and the other in Malaysia completed the 15-item Goldsmiths soft skills inventory using an online survey.
Findings: The results, analysed using factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, indicated that the university curriculum develops student soft skills, particularly in the Malaysian university and supports the relationship between soft skill and student preparedness for employment. The results also indicate that compared with the respondents from the Chinese university, the Malaysian university respondents were more likely to be positive to statements concerning their respective university’s ability to develop their soft skills. Research limitations/implications: Such findings have implications for education providers and business in that it is important for universities to embed soft skills into the curriculum in order to develop graduate work readiness.
Originality/value: What this research contributes is not only consolidation of existing research in the contemporary context of a disruptive jobs market, it takes research forward through analysing student perceptions from two universities, one in Malaysia and the other in China, of the skills they develop at university and the importance of soft skills to them and their perceptions of future employment and employability. Such research will provide insight, in particular, into the role of education providers, the phenomena of underemployment among graduates in China, and be of practical significance to employers and their perception that graduates lack the necessary soft skills for the workplace (Anonymous, 2017a; Stapleton, 2017; British Council, 2015; Chan, 2015).
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Authors: Teng, Weili; Ma, Chenwei; Pahlevansharif, Saeed; Turner, Jason James

Date: 2019

Geographic subjects: Malaysia; China; Asia

Resource type: Article

Journal title: Education + training

Subjects: Labour market; Higher education; Skills and knowledge ... [+] Show more
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Technology and the future of ASEAN jobs: the impact of AI in ASEAN's six largest economies

Over the next decade, innovations in digital technology will present vast opportunities to Association of Southeast ... Show more
Over the next decade, innovations in digital technology will present vast opportunities to Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) economies to boost their productivity and prosperity. The more widespread adoption of existing technologies, coupled with advances in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) through software, hardware, and robotics, has the potential to transform business capabilities. As a youthful region (half the 630 million inhabitants are aged under 30) with an internationally competitive manufacturing sector and innovative enterprises, ASEAN is poised to take advantage. However, digital transformation will also mean that many of the region's workers face considerable upheaval. Overall, the job landscape will look very different in 2028, because where the jobs are created is different to where the jobs are displaced. Our modelling identifies that, for some 6.6 million workers across the ASEAN-6 region, the new technology scenario will render their jobs redundant. In reality, the 6.6 million redundant jobs identified by our model will lead to many more job moves, as the labour market gradually evolves around its new demands. But comparing the typical skillsets of workers doing jobs that will become redundant, with the skillsets of jobs that will be created in other parts of the economy under our new technology scenario, offers a window on the scale of the 'reskilling challenge' that the six ASEAN economies will face.
Excerpts from publication. Show less

Corporate authors: Cisco Systems (Firm) ... [+] Show more

Date: 2018

Geographic subjects: Indonesia; Malaysia; Philippines ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Technology; Employment; Labour market ... [+] Show more
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Labour shortages, foreign migrant recruitment and the portability of qualifications in East and South-East Asia

This paper examines labour shortages, admission of foreign workers and the portability of qualifications in Japan, ... Show more
This paper examines labour shortages, admission of foreign workers and the portability of qualifications in Japan, Malaysia, Republic of Korea, Singapore and Thailand. Rapid economic growth and the rapid transformation of economies in these countries in recent decades, usually towards a more skill-intensive context, led to labour shortages. It has increased pressure to admit foreign workers, mainly from labour-rich but poorer neighbouring countries. The five countries included in this study differ in their capacity and in the way they assess and address labour shortages. Linking labour migration policy to the domestic labour market remains a complex task. The admission policies of the five countries differ in the amount of planning involved, the level of government and private sector involvement, the sectors in which foreign workers are admitted and in the rights and entitlements afforded to foreign workers. The study concludes that there are still significant differences among the receiving countries as to their readiness to recognise foreign worker skills. Without a workable qualifications framework, the recognition of skills across countries is rendered difficult, hindering the mobility of workers and possibly preventing a more efficient allocation of labour resources.
Published abstract reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. Show less

Authors: Ducanes, Geoffrey

Date: 2013

Geographic subjects: Asia; Malaysia; Korea ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Skills and knowledge; Qualifications; Labour market ... [+] Show more
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Survey of ASEAN employers on skills and competitiveness

The Survey of [Association of Southeast Asian Nations] ASEAN employers on skills and competitiveness has collected ... Show more
The Survey of [Association of Southeast Asian Nations] ASEAN employers on skills and competitiveness has collected insights from business leaders regarding current labour force trends and anticipated effects associated with the 2015 integration of the ten ASEAN countries. The primary areas assessed by the Survey include regional integration effects on human resources, labour mobility, commercial enterprise development, and competitiveness. This survey shows that, on the whole, employers in the region tend to remain uneducated about the potential opportunities and challenges presented by ASEAN integration. Uncertainty prevails regarding the universal impact stemming from the ASEAN Economic Community 2015 undertaking. Nonetheless, employers express optimism, and agree that increased workforce mobility, lower trade barriers and liberalized investment flows will prove positive for their businesses. Most employers believe that regional integration will boost their competitiveness, particularly if coupled with investments in training and educational programmes. Encouragingly, employers report that, rather than apply cost-cutting measures to enhance productivity, they are more likely to invest in programmes to build capacity around management and leadership skills.
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Corporate authors: Emerging Markets Consulting

Date: 2014

Geographic subjects: Asia; Brunei; Cambodia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: ILO Asia-Pacific working paper series

Subjects: Labour market; Outcomes; Research ... [+] Show more

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