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Policies towards full employment

This volume presents the proceedings from an international conference on labour markets which was organised by the ... Show more
This volume presents the proceedings from an international conference on labour markets which was organised by the Ministries of Labour and Finance in Finland with the support of the OECD and the European Commission. It puts forward thinking on new policy measures focusing on the specific experiences of the United States, Japan, Finland and Denmark. The volume includes highlights from the conference and most of the interventions. The papers, presented by politicians, high level officials from the European Commission and the OECD Secretariat, social partners and academics, are divided into six parts. Part one, 'Opening session' contains: A comprehensive strategy works: Finland's experience in the 1990s / Paavo Lipponen; Europe's employment and social challenge: competitiveness and cohesion / Anna Diamantopoulou. Part two, 'Assessing international strategies' contains: Putting Europe to work / Allan Larsson; Implementing the OECD jobs strategy: assessing performance and policy / Jorgen Elmeskov; A comment / Edmond Malinvaud. Part three, 'Experiences in selected countries' contains: Neither too hot nor too cold: the U.S. economy in the 1990s / Robert J. Gordon; The Japanese employment system in the 1990s / Tsutomu Tanaka; The Finnish experiences in the 1990s / Oertti Sorsa. Part four, 'Making work pay' contains: Tax policy, unemployment benefits and structural unemployment / Martii Hetemaki; A comment / Jan Horst Schmidt; Employment promotion and transfer payments / Georg Fischer and Manuel Sanchis i Marco; What do we know about policies to make work pay? An overview / Mark Pearson and Stefano Scarpetta; A comment / Tor Eriksson. Part five, 'Preventive approaches against labour market exclusion' contains: Removing barriers to employment for groups at the margin of the labour market / Markku Lehto; Active and preventive approaches: a note based on the recent Danish experience / Per Callesen; A comment / David Stanton. Part six, 'Active labour market policies' contains: Active labour market policies: continuity and change / Juhani Lonnroth; What works among active labour market policies: evidence from OECD countries' experiences / John Martin. Show less

Corporate authors: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) ... [+] Show more

Conference name: Helsinki Conference

Date: 2000

Geographic subjects: North America; Asia; Europe ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Conference

Subjects: Labour market; Economics; Employment ... [+] Show more
Active ageing: report

This survey has been commissioned by the European Commission’s Directorate General for the Employment, Social Affai ... Show more
This survey has been commissioned by the European Commission’s Directorate General for the Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion to understand European citizens’ views and attitudes towards older people, the contribution of older people in the workplace and society, and how best to promote an active role of older people in society. This report covers the 27 Member States and five non-[European Union] EU countries; namely Croatia, Iceland, [Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia] FYROM, Norway and Turkey. The results are presented at an aggregate level for the EU27 excluding the five non-EU countries. The socio-demographic analysis focuses primarily on age, gender, occupation and relative affluence. The main themes addressed in this report are: (1) overall perceptions of age and older people - perceptions of and attitudes towards older people, the potential role for older people in society and the impact of the ageing population in the future; (2) older people in the workplace - attitudes towards older people in the workplace and potential barriers to continuing work; (3) retirement and pensions - attitudes towards the official retirement age and pension payments and whether any changes are appropriate; (4) voluntary work and support for older people - establishing the level of personal participation in voluntary work and care of older people; and (5) age friendly environment - identifying the countries/areas best adapted to the needs of older people and how improvements can be made in those most poorly adapted.
Excerpt from publication. Show less

Corporate authors: European Commission (EC)

Date: 2012

Geographic subjects: Europe; Austria; Belgium ... [+] Show more Republic">Czech Republic; Britain">Great Britain; for Macedonia (Republic)">Macedonia (Republic); Macedonia">North Macedonia; [-] Show less

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: Special Eurobarometer

Subjects: Research; Employment; Culture and society ... [+] Show more
Market failures and the under-provision of training

This conference paper focuses on training provided by firms. Many empirical studies demonstrate considerable variat ... Show more
This conference paper focuses on training provided by firms. Many empirical studies demonstrate considerable variation across countries and across socio-economic groups in training participation rates, with Nordic countries showing higher participation than Southern European countries, and low-educated and older workers generally participating less than other groups in training activities. To investigate the reasons for this situation, the authors examine both the theoretical underpinnings and the empirical evidence in support of the under-provision of training. Under-provision is used to denote when 'training is below its efficient level, which equalises marginal social benefits to marginal social costs'. The authors argue that, if firms invest in general training, important evidence on under-provision can be gathered by examining the relationship between investment in training and labour turnover. They find evidence of a 'statistically significant and positive relationship between employer-provided training and subsequent turnover' for Denmark, Belgium, France and the UK. In the remaining countries the relationship is either not statistically significant or negative and statistically significant, as in the case of Finland. The evidence that, in no country except Finland, training significantly decreases the quit rate is suggestive of under-provision. The authors suggest that policies which aim at increasing the level of training above the market level should be designed to affect either supply or demand, or both.
Selected papers from the conference are indexed from TD/TNC 87.81 to TD/TNC 87.84. Show less

Authors: Brunello, Giorgio; De Paola, Maria

Corporate authors: European Commission (EC) ... [+] Show more

Conference name: EC-OECD Seminar on Human Capital and Labour Market Performance

Date: 2004

Geographic subjects: Europe; Denmark; Belgium ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Conference paper

Subjects: Participation; Policy; Workforce development ... [+] Show more
National student fee and support systems in European higher education 2015/16

This annual report shows how fee and support systems (including grants and loans) work in higher education in Europ ... Show more
This annual report shows how fee and support systems (including grants and loans) work in higher education in Europe. In addition to providing a comparative overview of fees and financial support available for full-time students in 2015/16, it also includes individual country sheets outlining the main elements of national systems. In particular, the publication describes the range of fees charged to students and specifies which categories of students are required to pay, and which may be exempt. Similarly it explains the levels of public support available in the form of grants and loans, as well as tax benefits and family allowances where applicable. The report focuses on fees and support in public or government-dependent private higher education institutions for the first (Bachelor level) and second (Master level) cycles and does not cover private higher education institutions. Information covers the 28 [European Union] EU Member States as well as Bosnia and Herzegovina, Switzerland, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Montenegro, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Norway, Serbia and Turkey.
Abstract from publisher's website. Show less

Corporate authors: European Commission (EC) ... [+] Show more

Date: 2015

Geographic subjects: Europe; Austria; Belgium ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: Eurydice: facts and figures

Subjects: Higher education; Finance; Governance
European inventory on validation of non-formal and informal learning: 2018 update

Validation of non-formal and informal learning is defined as 'a process of confirmation by an authorised body that ... Show more
Validation of non-formal and informal learning is defined as 'a process of confirmation by an authorised body that an individual has acquired learning outcomes measured against a relevant standard'. It aims to make non-formal and informal learning visible socially, in the labour market and in the education and training system, based on the identification, documentation, assessment and certification of such learning. Validation has the potential to contribute to achieving the goals set by the Europe 2020 strategy, as it can contribute to matching skills supply and demand, supporting mobility across sectors and countries and fighting social exclusion. The European inventory on validation of non-formal and informal learning is a regularly updated overview of validation practices and arrangements across Europe. It is compiled in cooperation with the European Commission and ETF. The inventory was endorsed by the Council recommendation of 2012 on validation and works together with the European guidelines as a tool to support countries in developing and implementing validation arrangements.
The inventory informs dialogue and learning between countries and stakeholders developing and implementing validation in Europe. Our key objective is to support Member States so that more learners and workers can acquire and make visible new skills, which will support their career and further learning and improve their quality of life. The 2018 update of the inventory is a unique record of how validation is being used nationally, regionally and locally across Europe. It contains the state of play and an overview of developments for 39 countries, illustrated by good practice examples. You will also find thematic reports on key issues in designing and implementing validation initiatives, plus three international case studies. The inventory is the result of a three-year process based on the work of a large network of national experts, extensive review of documents, and interviews with key stakeholders.
Edited excerpt from publisher's website.
The 39 country reports are: Austria / Karin Luomi-Messerer; Belgium-Flanders / Katleen De Rick; Belgium-French / Milica Popovic; Bulgaria / Mariya Dzhengozova; Croatia / Marija Pavkov; Cyprus / Anna Manoudi; Czech Republic / Milada Stalker; Denmark / Bokil Husted; Estonia / Marin Johnson; Finland / Anni Karttunen; France / Cecile Mathou; Germany / Claudia Ball; Greece / Anna Manoudi; Hungary / Eva Tot; Iceland / Fjola Maria Larusdottir; Ireland / Ilona Murphy; Italy / Elisabetta Perulli; Kosovo / Teuta Danuza; Latvia / Diana Ieleja; Liechtenstein /Jaana Puukka; Lithuania / Giedre Beleckiene; Luxembourg / Claire Duchemin; Malta / Suzanne Gatt; Montenegro / Slavica Dimovska; Netherlands / Ruud Duvekot; North Macedonia / Ognen Spasovski; Norway / Odd Bjorn Ure; Poland / Aleksandra Duda; Portugal / Paula Guimaraes; Romania / Magdalena Balica; Slovakia / Juraj Vantuch; Slovenia / Marija Pavkov; Spain / Patricia Vale; Sweden / Soren Kristensen; Switzerland / Deli Salini, Saskia Weber Guisan and Evelyn Tsandev; Turkey / Fusun Akkok; UK - England and Northern Ireland / Michael Richardson; UK - Scotland / David Scott; UK - Wales / David Scott.
The five thematic reports are: Bridging the gap: validation creation routes and links between sectors / Jo Hawley-Woodall; How digital forms of assessment and self-assessment might place a new challenge and opportunity for assessment methodologies / Karin Luomi-Messerer; How social partners and other labour marketrelated stakeholders are involved in validation arrangements / Mariya Dzhengova; Validation of non-formal and informal learning for migrants and refugees / Ilona Murphy; The role of validation in an upskilling pathway for young people not in education and training (NEETS), adults with low skills and long-term unemployed people / Gabor Endrodi.
The three case studies are: Canada-Nova Scotia / Cecile Mathou; Chile-Chilevalora / Gabor Endrodi; Hong Kong / Ruud Devekot. Show less

Corporate authors: European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (Cedefop) ... [+] Show more

Date: 2019

Geographic subjects: Europe; Austria; Belgium ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Country information

Series name: European Inventory on validation of informal and non-formal learning

Subjects: Governance; Skills and knowledge; Assessment ... [+] Show more
Guiding principles on professional development of trainers in vocational education and training

These guiding principles are a contribution of the European Commission, Cedefop and the thematic working group on p ... Show more
These guiding principles are a contribution of the European Commission, Cedefop and the thematic working group on professional development of trainers in vocational education and training (VET) to the objective set in the Bruges communique of collecting good practice and developing guiding principles on the changing roles, competences and professional development of VET teachers and trainers. The objectives of the paper are firstly, to attract attention to and increase knowledge of what these key agents between the worlds of education and work are and what makes them 'trainers', and secondly, to discuss existing practice and provide suggestions on how to support in-company trainers so they have opportunities to update their competences throughout their careers. After presenting the general context, the paper discusses the diversity of situations, titles, functions and roles of in-company trainers across member states [of the European Union] and focuses on two groups of specialists who provide training in companies: trainers who perform training tasks as the major part of their occupational role and employees whose occupational role includes a particular training-related function (for example, owners, general managers, supervisors and skilled workers). It also points out the common understanding that at least four groups of competences are important to a different extent for trainers in VET, including those who train in companies: technical/subject-related; company-specific; pedagogical-didactical; and transversal. The paper then identifies examples, areas and approaches in which interventions, or lack of such, have significant influence on in-company trainers so that stakeholders across companies, sectors and countries have reference points to look for further actions. Examples of competence requirements and profiles of VET trainers from Belgium, Finland, Germany and the Netherlands are presented in detail in the annex.
Excerpts from publication. Show less

Corporate authors: European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (Cedefop) ... [+] Show more

Date: 2014

Geographic subjects: Europe; Belgium; Finland ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Guide

Subjects: Workforce development; Providers of education and training; Skills and knowledge ... [+] Show more
Education and training for a smart, sustainable and inclusive Europe: analysis of the implementation of the strategic framework for European cooperation in education and training (ET2020): country analysis

The Commission Communication on the draft 2012 Joint Report of the Council and the Commission on the implementation ... Show more
The Commission Communication on the draft 2012 Joint Report of the Council and the Commission on the implementation of the strategic framework for European cooperation in education and training (ET 2020) is accompanied by two Staff Working Documents (SWDs). While the other SWD examines the progress made in the implementation of ET2020 from a thematic, cross-country perspective, the present SWD examines the progress made at national level towards the ET 2020 objectives on a country-by-country basis.
Excerpt from introduction. Show less

Corporate authors: European Commission (EC)

Date: 2011

Geographic subjects: Austria; Belgium; Bulgaria ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Governance; Lifelong learning; Equity ... [+] Show more
European inventory on validation of non-formal and informal learning: 2016 update

The European Inventory on validation of non-formal and informal learning is a regularly updated overview of validat ... Show more
The European Inventory on validation of non-formal and informal learning is a regularly updated overview of validation practises and arrangements across Europe. It is compiled in cooperation with the European Commission. The Inventory was endorsed by the Council Recommendation of 2012 on validation and works together with the European guidelines as a tool to support countries to develop and implement validation arrangements.
The inventory reports are a source of information to encourage more dialogue between the different stakeholders in developing and implementing validation in Europe. [The 'European inventory on validation of non-formal and informal learning: 2016 update: synthesis report'] is accompanied by 36 country reports and four thematic reports. [The authors'] key objective is to support Member States so that more learners and workers acquire and make visible new skills to support their career and further learning and to enhance their quality of life. The 2016 update of the Inventory provides a unique record on how validation is being used at national, regional and local level in Europe. It contains a state-of-play and overview of developments for 33 European countries since the 2014 update and is illustrated by good practise examples. [The] four thematic reports relating to key issues in the design and implementation of validation initiatives. The Inventory is the end result of a two-year process and is based on the work of a large network of national experts, extensive review of documents and interviews with key stakeholders.
Edited excerpts from publisher's website.
The 36 country reports are: Austria / Karin Luomi-Messerer; Belgium-Flanders / Katleen De Rick; Belgium-French / Cecile Mathou; Bulgaria / Mariya Dzhengozova; Croatia / Marija Pavkov; Cyprus / Anna Manoudi; Czech Republic / Lubos Valenta; Denmark / Kirsten Aagaard; Estonia / Marin Johnson; Finland / Anni Karttunen; France / Cecile Mathou; Germany / Claudia Ball; Greece / Anna Manoudi; Hungary / Eva Tot; Iceland / Fjola Maria Larusdottir and Ingibjorg E. Guomundsdottir; Ireland / Ilona Murphy; Italy / Elisabetta Perulli; Latvia / Agnese Rusakova; Liechtenstein / Bianca Faragau-Tavares; Lithuania / Giedre Beleckiene; Luxembourg / Bianca Faragau-Tavares; Malta / Ilona Murphy; Netherlands / Ruud Duvekot; Norway / Camilla Alfsen; Poland / Aleksandra Duda; Portugal / Paula Guimaraes; Romania / Magda Balica; Slovakia / Juraj Vantuch; Slovenia / Katarina Kosmrlj; Spain / Luis Carro; Sweden / Fredrik Sandberg; Switzerland / Deli Salini and Janine Voit; Turkey / Fusun Akkok; UK, England and Northern Ireland / Jo Hawley; UK - Scotland / David Scott; UK - Wales / Jo Hawley.
The four thematic reports are: Funding validation: a thematic report for the 2016 update to the European inventory on validation of non-formal and informal learning / Jo Hawley; Validation in the care and youth work sectors: thematic report for the 2016 update of the European inventory on validation / Karin Luomi-Messerer; Monitoring the use of validation of non-formal and informal learning: thematic report for the 2016 update of the European inventory on validation / Claire Duchemin; Validation and open educational resources (OER): thematic report for the 2016 update of the European inventory on validation / Axelle Devaux and Manuel Souto-Otero. Show less

Corporate authors: European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (Cedefop) ... [+] Show more

Date: 2017

Geographic subjects: Europe; Austria; Belgium ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: European Inventory on validation of informal and non-formal learning

Subjects: Teaching and learning; Pathways; Research ... [+] Show more
Do changes in cost-sharing have an impact on the behaviour of students and higher education institutions?: evidence from nine case studies [volumes 1 and 2]

This report analyses the effects of different models of cost-sharing in higher education (the split between public ... Show more
This report analyses the effects of different models of cost-sharing in higher education (the split between public and private contributions to higher education funding) on students and higher education institutions. The study examines trends in participation and completion in third-level education, as well as factors such as system structure, institutional revenue and strategy over the last 15 years in nine case study higher education systems in order to understand better how different models of funding - and changes to these - affect students and institutions.
Abstract from publisher's website.
The report is presented in two volumes: volume one is a comparative report; and volume two contains the national reports of Austria, Canada, England, Finland, Germany, Hungary, South Korea, Poland, and Portugal. Show less

Corporate authors: European Commission (EC)

Date: 2014

Geographic subjects: Austria; Canada; England ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Students; Finance; Participation ... [+] Show more
New challenges in the cooperation between education and training and working life: final report

The aim of vocational education in the 21st century will be to raise the level of professional expertise of all wor ... Show more
The aim of vocational education in the 21st century will be to raise the level of professional expertise of all workers, to provide a basis for lifelong learning, and to meet the needs of the workplace. Reaching this goal requires cooperation between educational institutions and industry as well as between the countries of Europe. This report is based on the 'New challenges in the cooperation between education and training and working life' conference held in Tampere, Finland on 18-19 November, 1999. The conference sought to promote cooperation between education and working life and to improve the quality of vocational education. The conference consisted of plenary presentations and four forums. The plenary presentations provided a basis for the discussion of the challenges of cooperation between education and working life. Each forum discussed a sub-theme: new forms of cooperation; mobility and the EUROPASS Training in vocational education; the impact of results from the Leonardo da Vinci program; and the quality of on-the-job learning. The report mirrors the conference structure. It contains the plenary presentations, the speeches within each forum, and a conclusion in which the primary themes of European discussion about on-the-job learning are outlined along with new ideas arising during the conference. The report begins with an introduction by Kari Nyyssola and the opening of the conference by Maija Rask and Otto Dibelius. The plenary presentations are: Work, technology and competence - aspects of history and future of work / Ilkka Tuomi; Models and practices of work-linked training in the EU Member States / Johan van Rens; Cooperation between vocational education and training and working life in Finland - emphasising the standpoint of on-the-job learning / Timo Lankinen. The four forums are: European priorities and perspectives in cooperation between vocational education and training and working life; Improving the impact of EU training programmes at the national and European levels - case Leonardo da Vinci programme; The on-the-job learning, promotion of mobility and implementation of the EUROPASS system; The impact and quality of on-the-job learning. The report then presents the results of the forums and panel discussion, the views of Finnish business life on the cooperation between education and working life, and Kari Nyyssola concludes with a synthesis of the primary themes in the European on-the-job learning discussion.
Selected papers are indexed from TD/TNC 62.901 to TD/TNC 62.910. Show less

Authors: Nyyssola, Kari

Corporate authors: Finland. Ministry of Education ... [+] Show more

Conference name: New Challenges in the Cooperation Between Education and Training and Working Life

Date: 2000

Geographic subjects: Europe; Finland

Resource type: Conference

Subjects: Vocational education and training; Quality; Industry ... [+] Show more