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Age, period, and cohort effects on adult literacy skills in the United States

Adult literacy skills are critical assets of individuals as well as societies in terms of economic (e.g., human cap... Show more
Adult literacy skills are critical assets of individuals as well as societies in terms of economic (e.g., human capital) and social well-being. Thus, it is important to monitor the long-term trends and sources of skill gain/loss. Yet, temporal sources of adult literacy skill variation are understudied. The current study analyzed three comparable, nationally representative datasets including the 1994 International Adult Literacy Survey; the 2003 International Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey; and the 2012/2014/2017 Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies. Results from the age-period-cohort hierarchical cross-classified random effects model showed significant variation in adult literacy skills across cohorts (1930-1995) and time periods (1994-2017). Possible implications for adult education policies and future research needs were evaluated.
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Authors: Yamashita, Takashi; Smith, Thomas J.; Cummins, Phyllis A.

Date: 2023

Geographic subjects: United States; North America

Resource type: Article

Journal title: Adult literacy education: the international journal of literacy, language, and numeracy

Subjects: Adult and community education; Literacy; Demographics
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Adult education and training programs for older adults in the US: national results and cross-national comparisons using PIAAC data

Continuous learning over the life course is necessary to effectively compete in a knowledge-based global economy. S... Show more
Continuous learning over the life course is necessary to effectively compete in a knowledge-based global economy. Shifts in the age structure of the US labor force combined with increased labor force participation among older adults add to the importance of gaining a better understanding of how adult education and training (AET) influences labor market outcomes for middle-aged and older workers. This study used data from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) and the Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) to examine the relationship in the US between participation in AET programs and employment, labor force participation, income, and net worth for adults aged 45 to 65. Participation in an AET program in the 12 months preceding the survey significantly improved the log odds of both employment and labor force participation and significantly improved the log odds of moving up one income quintile. Lower income groups and the unemployed were less likely to participate in AET than higher income groups and the employed. [The authors] also compared outcomes of AET participation in the US with those in Germany, Japan, Sweden, and the UK and examined policies for lifelong learning in those countries. Show less

Authors: Cummins, Phyllis A.; Kunkel, Suzanne R.; Walker, Ryan Michael

Date: 2015

Geographic subjects: United States; North America; Germany ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Adult and community education; Demographics; Lifelong learning ... [+] Show more

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Age, period, and cohort effects on adult literacy skills in the United States

Adult education and training programs for older adults in the US: national results and cross-national comparisons using PIAAC data