Search Results | VOCEDplus, the international tertiary education and research database

Apprenticeship training and the business cycle

Dual apprenticeship training is a market-driven form of education at the upper secondary level, taking place in fir ... Show more
Dual apprenticeship training is a market-driven form of education at the upper secondary level, taking place in firms as well as in vocational schools. So far, little is known about the impact of the business cycle on the number of apprenticeship programs offered by firms. Using panel-data of Swiss cantons from 1988-2004, we find that the influence of the business cycle is statistically significant, but small in size. Instead, supply of apprenticeship programs is driven to a much greater extent by demographic change. Conversely, the number of first-year high school students is not affected by the business cycle. We find, however, that enrollment increases if the population at age 16 grows, but access to high schools does not become more restricted in times of negative growth.
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Authors: Muehlemann, Samuel; Wolter, Stefan C.; Wuest, Adrian

Corporate authors: Institute for the Study of Labour (Germany) (IZA)

Date: 2009

Geographic subjects: Switzerland; Europe

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: IZA discussion paper

Subjects: Apprenticeship; Secondary education; Vocational education and training ... [+] Show more
Knowledge work: the rise of the office economy: full report

This report provides an overview of the entire Australian workforce based on the methodology used in the American s ... Show more
This report provides an overview of the entire Australian workforce based on the methodology used in the American study titled 'Education for what? the new office economy' by Anthony P. Carnevale and Stephen J Rose (an executive summary of this study may be found at TD/INT 54.13). Data from five Australian censuses (1976, 1981, 1986, 1991, and 1996) have been analysed to provide a time series profile of the Australian workforce, focusing on types of functions instead of just where people work or what occupation they have. The project report reveals relationships between what people do, how much they earn, and how educated they are.
Section 1 details the rationale behind the functional approach taken to analyse economic activities and the workforce. An overview is provided of the trends on the total workforce for the past twenty years, and presents findings on employment share, and the education and earnings of workers in the various function groups.
Section 2 explains the job level analysis (elite, good, and less-skilled) in greater detail and presents findings on employment share, education and earnings in terms of these categories.
A booklet containing highlights of this report may be found indexed at TD/ANTA 59.01. Show less

Authors: Doyle, Leonie; Kurth, Brian; Kerr, Ella

Corporate authors: Australian National Training Authority (ANTA)

Date: 2000

Geographic subjects: Oceania; Australia

Resource type: Government report or paper

Subjects: Labour market; Industry; Income ... [+] Show more
2002 ABC of VET

The ‘ABC of VET 2002’ series contains 10 leaflets, each providing an overview of one aspect of vocational education ... Show more
The ‘ABC of VET 2002’ series contains 10 leaflets, each providing an overview of one aspect of vocational education and training (VET) in Australia. The titles are: Australian National Training Authority [ANTA]; Australian Quality Training Framework [AQTF]; A fair go for everyone: making training equitable; Flexible learning; National marketing strategy for VET: meeting client needs; Skilling up Australia: VET’s role; Training: it pays to stay; Training packages; Training package support material; VET research. Show less

Corporate authors: Australian National Training Authority (ANTA)

Date: 2002

Geographic subjects: Oceania; Australia

Resource type: Guide

Subjects: Workforce development; Equity; Lifelong learning ... [+] Show more
Employer learning and the returns to schooling

We examine the dynamic role of education and experience as determinants of wages. It is hypothesised that an employ ... Show more
We examine the dynamic role of education and experience as determinants of wages. It is hypothesised that an employee’s education is an important signal to the employer initially. Over time, the returns to schooling should decrease with labour market experience and increase with initially unobserved ability, since the employer gradually obtains better information on the productivity of an employee. Replicating US studies using data from a large German panel data set (GSOEP), we find no evidence for the employer learning hypothesis for Germany. Differentiating blue-collar and white-collar workers and estimating quantile regressions, however, leads to the conclusion that employer learning takes place for blue-collar workers at the lower end of the wage distribution. We further show, that information on the productivity of an employee is to a large extend private.
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Authors: Bauer, Thomas K.; Haisken-DeNew, John P.

Corporate authors: Institute for the Study of Labour (Germany) (IZA)

Date: 2000

Geographic subjects: Europe; Germany

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: IZA discussion paper

Subjects: Outcomes; Income; Research ... [+] Show more
Entrepreneurship and market size: the case of young college graduates in Italy

We analyze empirically the effects of urban agglomeration on Italian college graduates' work possibilities as entre ... Show more
We analyze empirically the effects of urban agglomeration on Italian college graduates' work possibilities as entrepreneurs three years after graduation. We find that each 100,000 inhabitant-increase in the size of the individual's province of work reduces the chances of being an entrepreneur by 0.2-0.3 per cent. This result holds after controlling for regional fixed effects and is robust to instrumenting urbanization. Province's competition, urban amenities and dis-amenities, cost of labor, earning differentials between employees and self-employed workers, unemployment rates and value added per capita account for 40 per cent of the negative urbanization penalty. Our result cannot be explained by the presence of negative large-city differentials in returns to education either. In fact, as long as they succeed in entering the largest markets, young entrepreneurs are able to reap-off the benefits of urbanization externalities: every 100,000-inhabitant increase in the province's population raises entrepreneurs' net monthly income by 0.2-0.3 per cent.
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Authors: Di Addario, Sabrina; Vuri, Daniela

Corporate authors: Institute for the Study of Labour (Germany) (IZA)

Date: 2010

Geographic subjects: Italy; Europe

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: IZA discussion paper

Subjects: Students; Employment; Demographics ... [+] Show more
Firm-specific human capital: a skills-weights approach

One problem with the theory of firm-specific human capital is that it is difficult to generate convincing examples ... Show more
One problem with the theory of firm-specific human capital is that it is difficult to generate convincing examples of investment that could generate the sometimes observed large and continuing effects on earnings. Another approach, called the ‘skill-weights’ view, allows all skills to be general in that there are other firms that use each of the skills. But firms use them in different combinations and with different weights attached to them. The skill-weights view not only has aesthetic appeal, but is consistent with the frequently observed large tenure effects. All of the implications of the traditional view are produced by this approach, and there are a number of other implications that distinguish the new view from the traditional one. The empirical evidence already contains some support for the skill-weights view.
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Authors: Lazear, Edward P.

Corporate authors: Institute for the Study of Labour (Germany) (IZA)

Date: 2003

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: IZA discussion paper

Subjects: Skills and knowledge; Economics
On the robustness of brain gain estimates

Recent theoretical studies suggest that migration prospects can raise the expected return to human capital and thus ... Show more
Recent theoretical studies suggest that migration prospects can raise the expected return to human capital and thus foster education investment at home or, in other words, induce a brain gain. In a recent paper (Beine, Docquier and Rapoport, Economic Journal, 2008) we used the Docquier and Marfouk (2006) data set on emigration rates by education level to examine the impact of brain drain migration on gross (pre-migration) human capital formation in developing countries. We found a positive effect of skilled migration prospects on human capital growth in a cross-section of 127 developing countries, with an elasticity of about five per cent. In this paper we assess the robustness of our results to the use of alternative brain drain measures, definitions of human capital, and functional forms. We find that the results hold using the Beine et al. (2007) alternative brain drain measures controlling for whether migrants acquired their skills in the home or in the host country. We also regress other indicators of human capital investment on skilled migration rates and find a positive effect on youth literacy while the effect on school enrolment depends on the exact specification chosen.
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Authors: Beine, Michel; Docquier, Frederic; Rapoport, Hillel

Corporate authors: Institute for the Study of Labour (Germany) (IZA)

Date: 2009

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: IZA discussion paper

Subjects: Economics; Migration; Skills and knowledge ... [+] Show more
ANTA key research centre: final report, December 1997

This final report for 1997 looks at the activities of the Research Centre for Vocational Education and Training (RC ... Show more
This final report for 1997 looks at the activities of the Research Centre for Vocational Education and Training (RCVET) including research projects and related activities. It reports on the Centre against performance standards and provides a financial summary. Show less

Corporate authors: University of Technology, Sydney. Research Centre for Vocational Education and Training (RCVET) ... [+] Show more

Date: 1997

Geographic subjects: Australia; Oceania

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Research; Evaluation
Six degrees of innovation: a practical guide for building an innovative organisation

The Australian National Training Authority (ANTA) has been funding research that examines design and innovation sin ... Show more
The Australian National Training Authority (ANTA) has been funding research that examines design and innovation since 1997. As the research evolved, the findings demonstrated that identifiable skills for innovation are accessible to most of us under the right conditions and can be utilised by all workers in an organisation. This publication provides a comprehensive practical example of how an organisation can use the innovation skills and embed them into processes, products and services. Kangan Batman TAFE Automotive Division volunteered to act as the case study for this publication. The skills identified from the research have been tested with several organisations and are described within the text.
The 'Innovation: ideas that work' series is indexed from TD/ANTA 72.22 to TD/ANTA 72.32. Show less

Corporate authors: Australian National Training Authority (ANTA)

Date: 2001

Geographic subjects: Oceania; Australia

Resource type: Guide

Series name: Innovation: ideas that work

Subjects: Innovation; Skills and knowledge; Management ... [+] Show more
Principles and guidelines for improving outcomes for vocational education and training (VET) in schools, 1998

The ANTA Ministerial Council has made available funding for the development and delivery of programs which contribu ... Show more
The ANTA Ministerial Council has made available funding for the development and delivery of programs which contribute to the expansion of vocational education and training (VET) in schools measured against set benchmarks. This paper reports on principles and guidelines which have been developed to reflect both school sector and VET sector requirements. Show less

Corporate authors: Australian National Training Authority (ANTA)

Date: 1998

Geographic subjects: Oceania; Australia

Resource type: Government information

Subjects: Vocational education and training; Outcomes; Providers of education and training ... [+] Show more