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Foreign workers and labour shortages in East Asia: implications for the EU

Skill shortages occur in dynamic economies, and most East Asian countries have anticipated and minimized them throu... Show more
Skill shortages occur in dynamic economies, and most East Asian countries have anticipated and minimized them through public investments in education, incentives for firms to provide training and 'employer-driven' immigration systems. Investments in education have increased supply of highly skilled workers, which has led to some emigration and reduced the availability of low-skilled workers, prompting employers to request foreign workers. However, making low-skilled foreign workers available becomes self-reinforcing, since it encourages more local workers to acquire skills to avoid competing with low-skilled migrants. Policy-makers should be mindful of the treadmill impacts of employer-driven low-skilled labor migration policies on inequality and social friction.
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Authors: Abella, Manolo

Date: 2014

Geographic subjects: Asia

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: Comparative Immigration and Integration Program (UC Berkeley. Institute of European Studies)

Subjects: Skills and knowledge; Migration; Labour market ... [+] Show more
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Manpower movements for jobs across borders and national government responses: global trends

This paper presents an overview of historical and current trends in migration. Content is presented under the follo... Show more
This paper presents an overview of historical and current trends in migration. Content is presented under the following headings: What have been the main trends in international migration?; Asia continues to host the largest migrant population; Growth of migrant population fastest in North America and Europe; Slow growth of migrant population in Latin America and the Caribbean; Population less mobile in Africa than in other regions; Most movement is internal, within one's own country; More movement among countries at same level of development; The poorest people are the least likely to migrate; Women make up a growing component of migration flows; Migrant population a fast growing presence in developed countries; Widening income gaps and migration; Migration systems in Asia; Labour migration to the Persian Gulf States; Intra-ASEAN migration; The future of global migration; Challenges by population ageing posed for Korea.
Edited excerpts from publication. Show less

Authors: Abella, Manolo

Date: 2013

Resource type: Conference paper

Series name: Conference paper series (Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training)

Subjects: Migration; Employment; Income ... [+] Show more
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Use of foreign labour to meet labour shortages in dynamic East and South-East Asian economies

This paper reviews how skills shortages have developed during the transformation of the economies of East and South... Show more
This paper reviews how skills shortages have developed during the transformation of the economies of East and South-East Asia's more dynamic economies, the adjustments made by firms to these shortages and how governments tried to anticipate and remedy them through education, training and immigration. It starts with a review of the transformation of these economies as indicated by the changing shares of different sectors in [gross domestic product] GDP and employment, followed by case studies of selected countries where relevant experience has been documented by earlier observers, and ends with a brief analysis of how the labour immigration option has been used and with what consequences.
Published abstract. Show less

Authors: Abella, Manolo

Date: 2013

Geographic subjects: Thailand; Asia

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Skills and knowledge; Economics; Research ... [+] Show more
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Reaping the economic and social benefits of labour mobility: ASEAN 2015

The [Association of Southeast Asian Nations] ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) is moving towards closer economic integ... Show more
The [Association of Southeast Asian Nations] ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) is moving towards closer economic integration among its member states, including the free mobility of professionals and highly skilled workers. The freer flow of goods and capital will place path dependence, which encourages firms that already hire migrant workers to expand, in competition with wage convergence, which will reduce incentives for international labour migration. Most current AEC migrants are low skilled and most new migrants are likely to be low skilled. Governments need to acknowledge this reality and develop policies to liberalize and regularize the cross-border movements of labour. They cause mutual recognition agreements to promote the movement of professionals, and regulate the recruitment and employment of migrant workers, to ensure that migrant and local workers are treated equally. Demographic and economic realities suggest international labour migration within the AEC will increase making the implementation of the 2007 ASEAN Declaration on the Protection and Promotion of the Rights of Migrant Workers imperative, to ensure that labour migration promotes cooperation rather than conflict between AEC member states.
Abstract from publisher's website. Show less

Authors: Martin, Philip; Abella, Manolo

Date: 2014

Geographic subjects: Asia

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: ILO Asia-Pacific working paper series

Subjects: Labour market; Migration; Economics ... [+] Show more
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Labour shortage responses in Japan, Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, and Malaysia: a review and evaluation

This paper looks at the extent of and policy responses to the problem of labour shortage in the economies of Japan,... Show more
This paper looks at the extent of and policy responses to the problem of labour shortage in the economies of Japan, Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, and Malaysia. The labour shortage has both economic and demographic roots in these economies, except in Malaysia where it is mainly of economic origin. Policy responses are categorized into raising productivity, extending employment, enlisting the inactive and unemployed, importing workers, offshoring and outsourcing, and improving fertility. The five countries undertook different mixes of policy responses to labour shortage with varying degrees of effectiveness.
Published summary reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. Show less

Authors: Ducanes, Geoffrey; Abella, Manolo

Corporate authors: ILO Regional Office for Asia & the Pacific ... [+] Show more

Date: 2008

Geographic subjects: Asia; Pacific Area; Japan ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: ILO Asian Regional Programme on Governance of Labour Migration working paper

Subjects: Demographics; Policy; Economics ... [+] Show more
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Estimating earnings losses of migrant workers due to COVID-19

While the wide-ranging impact of [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 on incomes and livelihoods of people around th... Show more
While the wide-ranging impact of [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 on incomes and livelihoods of people around the world will take some time to become known and understood, it is already clear that those who are in manual, mostly low-wage, occupations are among the worst-hit workers. This paper uses data from a sample survey of migrant workers to come up with useful parameters for estimating the potential losses from possible retrenchment of migrant workers due to the pandemic. The paper employs a simple estimation model using parameters derived from data collected from a KNOMADILO survey of low-skilled migrant workers in the India-Saudi Arabia migration corridor, conducted during 2016-2017. An important finding is that the aggregate losses that low-skilled Indian workers in Saudi Arabia are likely to incur due to COVID-19-related retrenchment may be as high as 21 per cent of their expected earnings. Adding recruitment costs can push up their losses to 36 per cent of expected or potential earnings, while the aggregate remittances to their families could drop by USD 2 billion.
Published abstract. Show less

Authors: Abella, Manolo; Sasikumar, S. K.

Date: 2020

Geographic subjects: India; Asia; Saudi Arabia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Article

Journal title: Indian journal of labour economics

Subjects: Migration; Employment; Income

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Foreign workers and labour shortages in East Asia: implications for the EU

Manpower movements for jobs across borders and national government responses: global trends

Use of foreign labour to meet labour shortages in dynamic East and South-East Asian economies

Reaping the economic and social benefits of labour mobility: ASEAN 2015

Labour shortage responses in Japan, Korea, Singapore, Hong Kong, and Malaysia: a review and evaluation

Estimating earnings losses of migrant workers due to COVID-19