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Migrating to opportunity: overcoming barriers to labor mobility in Southeast Asia

The movement of people in Southeast Asia is an issue of increasing importance. Countries of the Association of Sout... Show more
The movement of people in Southeast Asia is an issue of increasing importance. Countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) are now the origin of 8 per cent of the world's migrants. These countries host only 4 percent of the world's migrants but intra-regional migration has turned Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand into regional migration hubs that are home to 6.5 million ASEAN migrants. However, significant international and domestic labor mobility costs limit the ability of workers to change firms, sectors, and geographies in ASEAN. This report takes an innovative approach to estimate the costs for workers to migrate internationally. Singapore and Malaysia have the lowest international labor mobility costs in ASEAN while workers migrating to Myanmar and Vietnam have the highest costs. Singapore and Malaysia's more developed migration systems are a key reason for their lower labor mobility costs. How easily workers can move to take advantage of new opportunities is important in determining how they fare under the increased economic integration planned for ASEAN. To study this question, the report simulates how worker welfare is affected by enhanced trade integration under different scenarios of labor mobility costs. Region-wide, worker welfare would be 14 per cent higher if barriers to mobility were reduced for skilled workers and an additional 29 per cent if barriers to mobility were lowered for all workers. Weaknesses in migration systems increase international labor mobility costs, but policy reforms can help. Destination countries should work toward systems that are responsive to economic needs and consistent with domestic policies. Sending countries should balance protections for migrant workers with the needs of economic development.
Abstract from publisher's website. Show less

Authors: Testaverde, Mauro; Moroz, Harry; Hollweg, Claire H.; Schmillen, Achim

Date: 2017

Geographic subjects: Asia; Bangladesh; Brunei ... [+] Show more Hong Kong (China)">Hong Kong (China); (South)">Korea (South); [-] Show less

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Migration; Employment; Outcomes ... [+] Show more
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Assessment of lifelong learning for farmers: impact on rural poverty eradication in Commonwealth countries

[The] Commonwealth of Learning's Lifelong Learning for Farmers [L3F] is a partnership program designed to bring tog... Show more
[The] Commonwealth of Learning's Lifelong Learning for Farmers [L3F] is a partnership program designed to bring together farmers, learning institutions, banks and information and communication technology providers to facilitate learning for development in the rural areas. The program is in response to the critical need for information resulting from agricultural research and development which often fail to reach the target farmers in rural areas in the developing world where it is most needed. The program empowered the vulnerable farmers and their families to gain knowledge and skill development, increase their productivity, food security and liberate agricultural communities from socio-economic constraints. Lifelong Learning for Farmers has resulted in improvement of quality of their produce and equally improved their incomes leading to significant improvement in livelihoods of the rural poor and hence reduces poverty.
Excerpts from published abstract. Show less

Authors: Augustine, A. J.; Jokthan, G. E.; Bashir, R. M.

Conference name: Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning

Date: 2013

Geographic subjects: India; Asia; Uganda ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Conference paper

Subjects: Lifelong learning; Disadvantaged; Skills and knowledge ... [+] Show more
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Impact of COVID-19 on women in the STEM workforce: Asia Pacific

This report presents the key findings of research into the impacts of the [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 pande... Show more
This report presents the key findings of research into the impacts of the [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 pandemic on women in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) workforce in the Asia-Pacific region. It explores the impacts on STEM careers and individual wellbeing and identifies ways organisations and individuals within the STEM system can support gender equity in STEM.
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Authors: Moes, Louise; Prichard, Nancy; Chang, Ying-Cheng; Navarro, Laura ... [+] Show more

Date: 2021

Geographic subjects: Australia; Bangladesh; Brunei ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Government report or paper

Subjects: Equity; Industry; Employment ... [+] Show more
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Industry vocational education and training plan: gems and jewellery industry sector

The Tertiary and Vocational Education Commission (TVEC) launched a programme in the year 1998 to prepare Industry V... Show more
The Tertiary and Vocational Education Commission (TVEC) launched a programme in the year 1998 to prepare Industry Vocational Education and Training Plans (VET Plans) for five industry sectors with the objective of focusing training efforts by public and private sectors in a coordinated manner in the short and medium terms to meet the human resource needs of the particular industry sector. Gems and jewellery industry is one of the priority industry sectors. This plan has been formulated based on information obtained through discussions, industry visits with employers, professionals and members of trade associations in the industry. Show less

Corporate authors: Sri Lanka. Tertiary and Vocational Education Commission

Date: 1998

Geographic subjects: Asia; Sri Lanka

Resource type: Industry information

Subjects: Industry; Workforce development; Management
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The growth of foreign qualification suppliers in Sri Lanka: de facto decentralisation?

Based mainly on a study of newspaper adverts for qualifications and tuition courses in Sri Lanka over a period from... Show more
Based mainly on a study of newspaper adverts for qualifications and tuition courses in Sri Lanka over a period from 1965 to 2000, this paper describes a decentralisation of control over the supply of qualifications. It is argued that this has occurred not through a deliberate policy mechanism to decentralise qualifications, but rather by default, through the more general liberalisation of the economy since 1978. Interviews and documentary analysis indicate that at the beginning of the period under study, education and qualifications in Sri Lanka were largely under the control of the state. However, by the end of the period of study, control over the provision of various qualifications rests with diverse bodies - foreign and domestic, public and private. This constitutes a de facto decentralisation in education and qualification provisions in Sri Lanka, notwithstanding the absence of education policy-making to this effect.
Published abstract reprinted by permission of the copyright owner. Show less

Authors: Little, Angela W.; Evans, Jane

Date: 2005

Geographic subjects: Asia; Sri Lanka

Resource type: Article

Journal title: Compare: a journal of comparative education

Subjects: Qualifications; Governance; Industry
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Innovating technical and vocational education and training: a framework for institutions

Global developments including the transition to greener economies, the application of digital technologies in the w... Show more
Global developments including the transition to greener economies, the application of digital technologies in the world of work, and the [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 pandemic, amongst others, are changing the way we live and work. These developments are driving technical and vocational education and training (TVET) systems to improve their capacity to identify the future skills demands and to expand access to skills development opportunities. As TVET adapts itself to the impacts of significant social, environmental, and economic disruptions, innovative practices emerge with the potential to rejuvenate the future of skills development. Schools, training centres and colleges have the potential to play a leading role to drive innovation in their local skills and innovation ecosystem.
This practical guide proposes a framework for TVET institutions to increase their capacities to drive innovation. The framework is developed on the basis of UNESCO-UNEVOC's Skills for Innovation Hubs (i-hubs) initiative, which included the participation of ten pilot TVET institutions from Africa, Asia and the Pacific and Europe. The practical guide provides a systematic, institution-wide, measurable and evidence-based methodology that enables TVET institutions to streamline innovation into their strategic planning, products and services, ecosystem engagement, and teaching and learning processes. By applying the UNEVOC Innovation Framework, TVET institutions can assess their preparedness to innovate, take actions to innovate learning processes and products and services, and develop concrete outputs for improvement. In doing so, institutions can inspire other entities in their local ecosystem to pursue the path of innovation.
Excerpts from publication. Show less

Corporate authors: UNESCO. International Centre for Technical and Vocational Education and Training (UNESCO-UNEVOC)

Date: 2020

Geographic subjects: Africa; Asia; Europe ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Guide

Subjects: Skills and knowledge; Innovation; Providers of education and training ... [+] Show more
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Technical education and vocational training in Sri Lanka: present situation and challenges: country paper: Sri Lanka

While countries often face similar challenges in the field of technical and vocational education and training (TVET... Show more
While countries often face similar challenges in the field of technical and vocational education and training (TVET), their approach for coming up with suitable solutions is often done independently from their immediate neighbours in the region. To promote increased cooperation and dialogue, the UNESCO-UNEVOC International Centre, in partnership with the Section for TVET, Asia-Pacific Programme for Educational Innovation for Development (APEID) of the UNESCO-Bangkok Office and with the cooperation of the Department of Vocational Education (DOVE) of the Ministry of Education in Thailand, organised a planning meeting of regional resource persons in the field of TVET. This meeting, which took place in Bangkok in May 2002, was attended by experts from Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Nepal, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand and Viet Nam. Individual presentations on national challenges in the field of TVET were made by participants and these were followed by small group discussions that identified a range of common issues, concerns and challenges in this field.
This paper begins by outlining the economic environment of TVET and general education in Sri Lanka before focusing on the country’s TVET system. Issues and challenges highlighted include: financial constraints; lack of coherence and coordination; low social image of vocational trades and occupations; lack of focus on training for the small and medium enterprises and the informal sector; and lack of emphasis on skill upgrading for existing employees. The paper concludes with a set of recommendations to meet these challenges.
The collection of documents from this meeting is indexed at TD/TNC 79.161; selected papers are indexed from TD/TNC 79.151 to TD/TNC 79.160 and the final report is indexed at TD/TNC 78.586. Show less

Authors: Leelaratne, P. M.

Conference name: Sub-Regional Cooperation in Technical and Vocational Education and Training: TVET Regional Planning Meeting of TVET Experts from Countries in the Asia Region

Date: 2002

Geographic subjects: Asia; Pacific Area; Sri Lanka

Resource type: Conference paper

Subjects: Vocational education and training; Governance
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The regional convention on the recognition of studies, diplomas and degrees in higher education in Asia and the Pacific: ninth session of the regional committee

Since the Asia and the Pacific Regional Convention was adopted in 1983, the regional committee has been meeting bia... Show more
Since the Asia and the Pacific Regional Convention was adopted in 1983, the regional committee has been meeting biannually to examine the progress made and obstacles encountered by signatories in the application of the Regional Convention. This publication reports the results of the ninth session of the committee meeting which was held in Seoul in May 2007. The publication provides 10 country reports along with the committee's discussion on the revision of the Convention and the results of the Seminar on Regional Harmonization, which was held back-to-back with the ninth session.
The report contains the following sections: Introduction; Opening ceremony; Election of office bearers and presentation of country reports; Report from the Working Group on Revision of the Asia-Pacific Regional Convention; Seminar on Regional Harmonization: Establishing a Common Higher Education Area; Closing ceremony; Annexes: General information; Programme; List of participants. The CD-ROM contains the 10 country reports for: Australia, China, Holy See [Vatican City], India, Republic of Korea, Lao PDR [Laos], Mongolia, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and the Philippines. Also included are the highlights of the meeting of the Working Group on Revision of the Regional Convention: Bologna Process, Lisbon Recognition Convention 1997 and International Cooperation; Brisbane Communique; revision of the Arusha Convention for African States; UNESCO-OECD Guidelines and UNESCO Portal of Higher Education Institutes; and the UNESCO-APQN [Asia-Pacific Quality Network] Toolkit: Regulating Quality Assurance in Cross-border Education. Show less

Authors: Haddad, Caroline

Corporate authors: UNESCO Bangkok. Asia-Pacific Programme of Educational Innovation for Development ... [+] Show more

Conference name: Regional Committee for the Regional Convention on the Recognition of Studies, Diplomas and Degrees in Higher Education in Asia and the Pacific: 9th, 2007, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Date: 2009

Geographic subjects: Oceania; Asia; Australia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Conference

Subjects: Governance; Higher education; Qualifications
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Science and technology in Sri Lanka towards the year 2000: summary proceedings of the seminar, 24 March 1990

The Seminar aimed to address objectives covering the improvement of the mechanism and enhancement of the resources ... Show more
The Seminar aimed to address objectives covering the improvement of the mechanism and enhancement of the resources required to give science and technology the role it should play in the economic and social development of Sri Lanka. Show less

Corporate authors: Sri Lanka. Colombo Plan Bureau

Date: 1990

Geographic subjects: Asia; Sri Lanka

Resource type: Conference

Subjects: Technology
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ADB-APSDEP-Japan regional workshop on technical and vocational teacher training: Country paper - Sri Lanka

No abstract available.

Authors: Cooray, M. A.

Date: 1987

Geographic subjects: Asia; Sri Lanka

Resource type: Country information

Subjects: Workforce development; Employment; Teaching and learning ... [+] Show more

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