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Apprenticeship has rarely received so much attention as it is getting now. Faced with persistently high levels of youth unemployment and great demand for economic development, the governments of many countries have (re)discovered the benefits that apprenticeship can bring and attempt to revive and expand apprenticeship of their own. The Chinese government is now trying to address the skill shortage and the market mismatch of supply and demand in manufacturing and high technology sectors by policy transfer and grope for the right road to a Modern Apprenticeship with Chinese characteristics. This paper will give an overview of the current development of apprenticeship in China. Section 1 denotes the definition and benefits of apprenticeship; section 2 introduces the development status of Chinese apprenticeship and related governmental actions briefly; section 3 presents a case study on a pilot project between Guangzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College and Internet of Things Association of Guangdong Province; section 4 tries to provide suggestions for the future development of apprenticeship. Evidence is drawn primarily from published secondary sources and reports the pilot schools submitted.

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Vocational education and training (VET) plays a vital role in equipping the youth of a country with skills for employability, which employers profit from in terms of a skilled workforce, a key for productivity. A well-functioning VET system is a prerequisite; one example is the German dual VET system. In this article, major stakeholders, institutions and legal frameworks that contribute towards the success of dual VET are described. Moreover, the basic aspects of the two learning venues - training at the company and the vocational school - as well as the different motivations to engage in VET are outlined, considering the perspectives of the industry, government and apprentice. In order to facilitate the competence development of the apprentices, a second learning venue in an authentic work environment at the company is needed besides the vocational education and training at the vocational schools. However, industry involvement often poses a major problem. Research projects that focus on the needs of the industry in the dual VET system and other approaches to enhance employer engagement based on related resulting benefits for the industry will be discussed.

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