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International Women's Day: PwC Women in Work Index [2013 UK version]

The [PricewaterhouseCoopers] PwC Women in Work (WIW) Index shows that, in 2011, the UK was in 18th position out of ... Show more
The [PricewaterhouseCoopers] PwC Women in Work (WIW) Index shows that, in 2011, the UK was in 18th position out of [the] sample of 27 OECD countries. The Nordic countries were in the lead, with Norway in pole position, followed by Sweden, Denmark and Finland. The UK has seen improvements between 2000 and 2011 in all indicators apart from the proportion of female employees in full-time jobs. But the UK's relative position has deteriorated from 13th in 2000 to 18th in 2011 as five other countries (the Netherlands, Austria, Belgium, Poland and Germany) have made more significant gains since 2000. In 2011, the UK's best-performing area was the overall rate of female labour force participation, and its worst performing was the share of female employees in full-time jobs. Norway's strengths lie in its high female labour force participation and the low gender gap between female and male participation in the labour force. The UK performs relatively better on female representation in the boardroom than on [the] Index for the labour market as a whole. But [the UK] still lag[s] well behind top performers on female boardroom representation such as Sweden and, in particular, Norway.
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Corporate authors: PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC)

Date: 2013

Geographic subjects: Asia; Japan; Korea ... [+] Show more Republic">Czech Republic; Britain">Great Britain; East">Middle East; America">North America; States">United States; Zealand [-] Show less

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: PwC Women in Work Index

Subjects: Gender; Employment; Participation ... [+] Show more
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Satisfying labour demand through migration

This report summarises the main findings of the national reports for the [European Migration Network] EMN Study on ... Show more
This report summarises the main findings of the national reports for the [European Migration Network] EMN Study on Satisfying Labour Demand through Migration undertaken by EMN national contact points from 23 member states (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom). The overall purpose of this study was to identify those sectors experiencing shortages in the member states, to outline the national strategies for addressing labour market needs with third-country national migrant workers and to gain an understanding of the perceived effectiveness of these strategies, including examining the impact of the recent economic downturn and recovery on them. The study covers the period from 2004 up to the end of 2010 with statistics provided up to the end of 2009.
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Corporate authors: European Migration Network

Date: 2011

Geographic subjects: Austria; Belgium; Bulgaria ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Migration; Labour market; Employment ... [+] Show more
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Experience and the returns to education and skill in OECD countries: evidence of employer learning?

Using the Survey of Adult Skills ([Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies] PIAAC), this p ... Show more
Using the Survey of Adult Skills ([Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies] PIAAC), this paper documents how the returns to education and skill change with experience for a sample of 22 OECD countries. It does this within the framework of the Altonji and Pierret (2001) employer learning model, and therefore also tests the relevance of this theory in a wide range of countries using comparable data and a consistent methodology. Significant heterogeneity is found in the experience profiles of the returns to education and skill across countries, and convincing evidence in support of the employer learning theory is only found in a sub-set of the countries analysed. While these countries vary significantly from one another in terms of their labour market institutions and educational systems, the analysis does seem to suggest that employer learning is most common in those countries where employment protection legislation on temporary contracts is weak. This is consistent with a model in which temporary contracts allow employers to test and learn about young workers, and give them the flexibility to adjust wages in line with observed productivity.
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Authors: Broecke, Stijn

Date: 2015

Geographic subjects: Asia; Japan; Korea ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Article

Journal title: OECD journal: economic studies

Subjects: Outcomes; Skills and knowledge; Workforce development ... [+] Show more
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Educational mismatches and skills: new empirical tests of old hypotheses

In this paper, [the authors] empirically explore how the often reported relationship between overeducation and wage ... Show more
In this paper, [the authors] empirically explore how the often reported relationship between overeducation and wages can best be understood. Exploiting the newly published Programme for International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) data (OECD 2013), [the authors] are able to achieve a better estimation of the classical [overeducation/required education/under-education] ORU-model (Duncan and Hoffman, 1981), by controlling for heterogeneity of observable skills. [The] findings suggest that: (1) a considerable part of the effect of educational mismatches can be attributed to skills heterogeneity; and (2) that the extent to which skills explain educational mismatches varies by institutional contexts. These observations suggest that skills matter for explaining wage effects of education and educational mismatches, but the extent to which this is the case also depends on institutional contexts.
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Authors: Levels, Mark; Velden, Rolf K. W. van der; Allen, Jim

Date: 2013

Geographic subjects: Asia; Japan; Korea (South) ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: ROA research memoranda series

Subjects: Outcomes; Skills and knowledge; Income ... [+] Show more
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Youth labor markets in 23 countries: a comparison using micro data

The aim of this chapter is to provide a snapshot of the working lives of young people from a group of highly dispar ... Show more
The aim of this chapter is to provide a snapshot of the working lives of young people from a group of highly disparate countries. It looks at whether any common patterns emerge from the data collected during the last few years in the participating countries, and whether there are systematic patterns in the data that distinguish the young from older cohorts. As a starting point, it lays out how youths differ across countries in their labour market experience using internationally comparable micro data on individuals. Attitudinal responses to such topics as: level of happiness; the value of work; and the appropriate roles of trade unions and governments are also discussed.
The complete volume from which this chapter is indexed may be found at TD/TNC 64.16. Individual chapters are indexed from TD/TNC 64.18 to TD/TNC 64.32. Show less

Authors: Blanchflower, David G.

Date: 1998

Geographic subjects: Middle East; Oceania; North America ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Book chapter

Subjects: Youth; Labour market; Research ... [+] Show more
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Working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020

This collection of individual country reports looks at working life during 2020 for 29 countries - the 27 EU Member ... Show more
This collection of individual country reports looks at working life during 2020 for 29 countries - the 27 EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom. The country reports summarise first evidence on the impact of the [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 pandemic on working life based on national research and survey results. The reports discuss the policy responses of governments and social partners in their efforts to cushion the socioeconomic effects and include a focus on policy areas that have been accelerated or disrupted due to the crisis. Finally, the reports explore the impact of the pandemic on industrial action, working time and wages.
Edited excerpt from publisher's website.
The reports are as follows: Austria: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Bernadette Allinger; Belgium: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Dries Van Herreweghe; Bulgaria: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Ekaterina Ribarova and Violeta Ivanova; Czechia: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Stepanka Lehmann and Sona Veverkova; Denmark: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Maria Hansen and Carsten Jorgensen; Estonia: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Ingel Kadarik, Merilen Laurimae and Mart Masso; Germany: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Sandra Vogel and Marc Breitenbroich; Greece: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Elena Kousta; Spain: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Oscar Molina; Croatia: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Predrag Bejakovic; Finland: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Amanda Kinnunen; France: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Frederic Turlan; Hungary: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Agnes Hars; Ireland: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Andy Prendergast; Italy: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Roberto Pedersini; Latvia: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Raita Karnite; Lithuania: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Inga Blaziene, Rasa Mieziene and Ramune Guobaite-Kirsliene; Poland: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Jan Czarzasty; Portugal: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Maria da Paz Campos Lima and Paula Carrilho; Romania: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Valentina Vasile, Cristina Boboc and Simona Ghita; Slovakia: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Ludovit Cziria, Rastislav Bednarik and Daniela Keselova; Slovenia: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Maja Breznik and Barbara Luzar; Sweden: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Anna-Karin Gustafsson and Amanda Kinnunen; UK: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Claire Evans; Luxembourg: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Gaetan de Lanchy; Malta: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Saviour Rizzo; Netherlands: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Amber van der Graaf; Norway: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Asmund Arup Seip; Cyprus: working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 / Pavlos Kalosinatos. Show less

Corporate authors: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions (Eurofound)

Date: 2021

Geographic subjects: Norway; Great Britain; Austria ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Policy; Employment; Economics ... [+] Show more
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Global green skills report 2022

There is a massive shift underway in the global economy. In the wake of the pandemic, the world is witnessing a his ... Show more
There is a massive shift underway in the global economy. In the wake of the pandemic, the world is witnessing a historic transformation in how people work, why they work and where they work. At LinkedIn, we call it the Great Reshuffle, an unprecedented moment in history where we are reimagining the future of work. People are actively acquiring new skills and pursuing new ventures. Employers are reinventing business models and creating new markets. And all of this economic upheaval, which would normally play out over the course of decades, is being compressed into a couple of years. Amid this Great Reshuffle, we're faced with an urgent need to transition our society to a green economy to address the threat of climate change.
Green skills are a critical factor in realising the success and speed of the green transition. Our data shows hiring for green skill talent is rising globally but nowhere near what's needed. In addition to diagnosing where we need to make more progress, we provide recommendations on how to close the green skills gap, upskill workers and enable the shift to more green jobs. This report provides new data on green skills and jobs from all across the world, to empower policymakers, governments and business leaders with actionable insights to help them transition the global workforce to a green economy future. We examine the gaps that exist across income, gender and education levels, and provide recommendations for actions that governments, organisations and individuals can take.
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Corporate authors: LinkedIn Economic Graph

Date: 2022

Geographic subjects: Argentina; Australia; Austria ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: Global green skills report (LinkedIn Economic Graph)

Subjects: Sustainability; Skills and knowledge; Labour market ... [+] Show more
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Sixth European Working Conditions survey: overview report

Since 1991, Eurofound has been monitoring working conditions in Europe through its European Working Conditions Surv ... Show more
Since 1991, Eurofound has been monitoring working conditions in Europe through its European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS). The survey aims to measure working conditions across European countries, analyse the relationships between different aspects of these, identify groups at risk, highlight issues of concern and areas of progress and, ultimately, contribute to developing EU policy aimed at improving job quality. In 2015, the sixth EWCS interviewed almost 44,000 workers (both employees and self-employed people) in 35 European countries: the 28 EU Member States, the five EU candidate countries, and Norway and Switzerland. Workers were asked a range of questions concerning employment status, work organisation, learning and training, working time duration and organisation, physical and psychosocial risk factors, health and safety, work-life balance, worker participation, earnings and financial security, as well as work and health.
Overall, structural inequalities and differences in terms of gender, employment status and occupation are still significant. The research constructed seven job quality indices, representing different dimensions of job quality: physical environment, work intensity, working time quality, social environment, skills and discretion, and prospects and earnings. These dimensions were selected on the basis of their proven impact (positive or negative) on the health and well-being of workers. In the last 10 years, there has been limited progress in some job quality indices.
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Authors: Parent-Thirion, Agnes; Biletta, Isabella; Cabrita, Jorge; Vargas, Oscar ... [+] Show more

Date: 2016

Geographic subjects: Albania; Austria; Belgium ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Employment
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Employment and working conditions of selected types of platform work

Platform work is a form of employment that uses an online platform to match the supply of and demand for paid labou ... Show more
Platform work is a form of employment that uses an online platform to match the supply of and demand for paid labour. In Europe, platform work is still small in scale but is rapidly developing. The types of work offered through platforms are ever-increasing, as are the challenges for existing regulatory frameworks. This report explores the working and employment conditions of three of the most common types of platform work in Europe. For each of these types, Eurofound assesses the physical and social environment, autonomy, employment status and access to social protection, and earnings and taxation based on interviews with platform workers. This report is accompanied by a review of relevant literature on platform work, notably as regards the different emerging types of platform work and the related working conditions, legal developments and trends and changes in the labour market.
National context analysis reports explore the context of platform work in each country in terms of the applicable regulatory frameworks as well as the organisation and representation of platform workers in the country. Reports are available for: Sweden (authored by Ola Sjoberg); Poland (authored by Lukasz Sienkiewicz); Italy (authored by Valerio De Stefano); Germany (authored by Willem Pieter de Groen, Zachary Kilhoffer, and Karolien Lenaerts); France (authored by Jean-Philippe Lhernould); and Austria (authored by Willem Pieter De Groen, Zachary Kilhoffer, Karolien Lenaerts, and Elias Felten).
Edited excerpts from publisher's website and publications. Show less

Authors: Groen, Willem Pieter de; Kilhoffer, Zachary; Lenaerts, Karolien; Mandl, Irene ... [+] Show more

Date: 2018-2019

Geographic subjects: Europe; Sweden; Poland ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: Research report (European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions)

Subjects: Employment; Labour market; Governance ... [+] Show more
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Global inventory of regional and national qualifications frameworks: volume two: national and regional cases

How far is the world progressing towards comprehensive qualifications frameworks? The 2015 global inventory of regi ... Show more
How far is the world progressing towards comprehensive qualifications frameworks? The 2015 global inventory of regional and national qualifications frameworks was launched on 25 April in Riga, Latvia. The inventory showcases 86 countries and examines how learning outcomes of all types of learning - formal, non-formal and informal - are being integrated into regional and national qualifications frameworks. Volume two provides an inventory of 85 NQFs and seven regional frameworks. The global inventory charts progress toward NQF goals, drawing on extensive research in the field of qualifications.
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Corporate authors: UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL) ... [+] Show more

Date: 2015

Geographic subjects: Africa; Botswana; Egypt ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: Global inventory of regional and national qualifications frameworks

Subjects: Qualifications; Policy; Pathways ... [+] Show more

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