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The educational upgrading of Japanese youth, 1982-2007: are all Japanese youth ready for structural reforms?

Are all Japanese youth ready for the structural reforms proposed as a supply-side policy of Abenomics? To answer th... Show more
Are all Japanese youth ready for the structural reforms proposed as a supply-side policy of Abenomics? To answer this question, [the authors] assess how well Japanese youth have coped with the labor market's long-term structural changes, induced primarily by deepening interdependence with emerging economies and rapid technological progress over the last three decades. [The authors] examine the role of educational upgrading on the labor-market outcomes of youth between the ages of 25 and 29, using six waves of micro data from the Employment Status Survey spanning from 1982 to 2007. The analysis demonstrates that the demand growth for skilled labor relative to unskilled labor has been met by the educational upgrading of youth through the expansion of tertiary education, including education in vocational schools. Youth left behind the trend of educational upgrading, however, have suffered significantly from decreasing employment opportunities and deteriorating working conditions.
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Authors: Arai, Yoichi; Ichimura, Hidehiko; Kawaguchi, Daiji

Date: 2015

Geographic subjects: Japan; Asia

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: IZA discussion paper

Subjects: Youth; Labour market; Outcomes ... [+] Show more
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Why has wage inequality evolved so differently between Japan and the US?: the role of the supply of college-educated workers

Why has wage inequality not changed in Japan while it has secularly increased in the US over the last few decades? ... Show more
Why has wage inequality not changed in Japan while it has secularly increased in the US over the last few decades? Pointing to the difference in the trends of the college wage premium in the two countries as a proximate cause, this study assesses the importance of the supply factor as a determinant of the college wage premium. The wage differential between college and high-school graduates decreased slightly from 0.35 to 0.34 log point in Japan, while it increased from 0.43 to 0.65 log point in the US between 1986 and 2008. During this period, the number of college graduates grew twice as fast in Japan as in the US. Estimations of labor demands for different educational backgrounds and simulations based on counterfactual supply trends reveal that the more rapid increase of college graduates in Japan than in the US explains about 60 per cent of these contrasting trends. The difference in post-war fertility trends largely explains the difference in the supply increase of college graduates between the two countries.
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Authors: Kawaguchi, Daiji; Mori, Yuko

Date: 2016

Geographic subjects: Japan; Asia; United States ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Article

Journal title: Economics of education review

Subjects: Labour market; Outcomes; Income ... [+] Show more
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Researchers' career transitions over the life cycle

Based on a unique time-use survey of academic researchers in Japan, this study finds that research time decreases o... Show more
Based on a unique time-use survey of academic researchers in Japan, this study finds that research time decreases over the life cycle. The decrease in total hours worked and the increase in time spent on administrative tasks explain the decrease in research time. [The authors] also show that the decrease of research time partly explains why the research output of older researchers' decreases. The results suggest that proper incentives and job designs for senior researchers may increase their research output.
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Authors: Kawaguchi, Daiji; Kondo, Ayako; Saito, Keiji

Date: 2016

Geographic subjects: Japan; Asia

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: IZA discussion paper

Subjects: Research; Career development; Employment
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AI, skill, and productivity: the case of taxi drivers

We examine the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on productivity in the context of taxi drivers. The AI we stu... Show more
We examine the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on productivity in the context of taxi drivers. The AI we study assists drivers with finding customers by suggesting routes along which the demand is predicted to be high. We find that AI improves drivers' productivity by shortening the cruising time, and such gain is accrued only to low-skilled drivers, narrowing the productivity gap between high- and low-skilled drivers by 14 per cent. The result indicates that AI's impact on human labor is more nuanced and complex than a job displacement story, which was the primary focus of existing studies.
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Authors: Kanazawa, Kyogo; Kawaguchi, Daiji; Shigeoka, Hitoshi; Watanabe, Yasutora

Date: 2022

Geographic subjects: Japan; Asia

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: IZA discussion paper

Subjects: Industry; Technology; Skills and knowledge ... [+] Show more
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Labor-market attachment and training participation

This paper examines how expected attachment to the labor market and expected tenure at a specific firm affect train... Show more
This paper examines how expected attachment to the labor market and expected tenure at a specific firm affect training participation. The results, based on cross-sectional data from Japan, indicate that expected attachment to the labor market affects participation in both employer- and worker-initiated training, while expected tenure at a specific firm mainly explains participation in employer-initiated training. These two attachment indices explain almost half of the gender gap in training participation. Employers in a less competitive labor market are more likely to offer employer-initiated training to their workers.
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Authors: Ikenaga, Toshie; Kawaguchi, Daiji

Corporate authors: Institute for the Study of Labour (Germany) (IZA)

Date: 2010

Geographic subjects: Japan; Asia

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: IZA discussion paper

Subjects: Labour market; Vocational education and training; Participation ... [+] Show more

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The educational upgrading of Japanese youth, 1982-2007: are all Japanese youth ready for structural reforms?

Why has wage inequality evolved so differently between Japan and the US?: the role of the supply of college-educated workers

Researchers' career transitions over the life cycle

AI, skill, and productivity: the case of taxi drivers

Labor-market attachment and training participation