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Survey of ASEAN employers on skills and competitiveness

The Survey of [Association of Southeast Asian Nations] ASEAN employers on skills and competitiveness has collected ... Show more
The Survey of [Association of Southeast Asian Nations] ASEAN employers on skills and competitiveness has collected insights from business leaders regarding current labour force trends and anticipated effects associated with the 2015 integration of the ten ASEAN countries. The primary areas assessed by the Survey include regional integration effects on human resources, labour mobility, commercial enterprise development, and competitiveness. This survey shows that, on the whole, employers in the region tend to remain uneducated about the potential opportunities and challenges presented by ASEAN integration. Uncertainty prevails regarding the universal impact stemming from the ASEAN Economic Community 2015 undertaking. Nonetheless, employers express optimism, and agree that increased workforce mobility, lower trade barriers and liberalized investment flows will prove positive for their businesses. Most employers believe that regional integration will boost their competitiveness, particularly if coupled with investments in training and educational programmes. Encouragingly, employers report that, rather than apply cost-cutting measures to enhance productivity, they are more likely to invest in programmes to build capacity around management and leadership skills.
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Corporate authors: Emerging Markets Consulting

Date: 2014

Geographic subjects: Asia; Brunei; Cambodia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: ILO Asia-Pacific working paper series

Subjects: Labour market; Outcomes; Research ... [+] Show more
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ASEAN Economic Community 2015: enhancing competitiveness and employability through skill development

The paper provides an overview of the training and education systems, institutions and policy frameworks in the [As... Show more
The paper provides an overview of the training and education systems, institutions and policy frameworks in the [Association of Southeast Asian Nations] ASEAN countries, including the extent of equity and inclusion (of women, youth, rural populations, etc.). And it presents a review of recent quantitative metrics in public and private investment in education and training as well as indicators related to staffing and capacity of teachers and trainers. In addition, the paper looks at the challenges confronting the education and training systems of ASEAN countries, such as the quality of education professionals, the relevance of curricula, links between industry and training systems (including labour market information and employment services, youth apprenticeships and on-the-job training) and lifelong learning. It also introduces the issue of skills certification and portability and mutual recognition arrangements.
Emerging skill requirements in ASEAN countries associated with deeper regional integration, structural change and new production patterns are highlighted, and the capacity of ASEAN countries to meet these emerging labour market demands domestically and within the region as production moves away from agriculture and into higher-value added industrial and services sectors is assessed. The analyzing was done with a gender perspective, looking at the extent that shifting skills requirements can foster better economic opportunities and prospects for women in ASEAN's labour market. The paper concludes that policy priorities that, if successfully implemented, can help ASEAN reach its goal of becoming a highly competitive economic region by harnessing its human resources. In addition to national policies, areas for regional cooperation among ASEAN countries that would help address the various gaps in human resources and national skills systems are singled out.
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Authors: Aring, Monika

Date: 2015

Geographic subjects: Asia; Brunei; Burma ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: ILO Asia-Pacific working paper series

Subjects: Skills and knowledge; Employment; Governance ... [+] Show more
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Towards a skills strategy for Southeast Asia: skills for post-COVID recovery and growth

Skills are central to the capacity of countries and people to thrive in a rapidly changing world. Recovering from t... Show more
Skills are central to the capacity of countries and people to thrive in a rapidly changing world. Recovering from the [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 pandemic will require countries to co-ordinate interventions to help recent graduates find jobs, reactivate the skills of displaced workers and use skills effectively in workplaces. Megatrends such as globalisation, climate change, technological progress and demographic change will continue to reshape work and society. Countries should take action now to develop and use more effectively the skills required for the world of the future and at the same time make their skills systems more resilient and adaptable in the context of change and uncertainty.
The OECD Skills Strategy [available in VOCEDplus at TD/TNC 136.771] provides countries with a strategic approach to assess their skills challenges and opportunities. The foundation of this approach is the OECD Skills Strategy framework allowing countries to explore how they can improve (i) developing relevant skills, (ii) using skills effectively, and (iii) strengthening the governance of the skills system. This report applies the OECD Skills Strategy framework to Southeast Asia, providing an overview of the region's skills challenges and opportunities in the context of COVID-19 and megatrends, and identifying good practices for improving skills outcomes. The countries featured in the report include: Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. In addition, five OECD benchmarking countries are also included and have been selected based on their skills performance and to include at least one each from the Americas, Asia, Europe and the Pacific: Australia, Germany, Korea, Japan and the United States. This report lays the foundation for a more fully elaborated Skills Strategy for Southeast Asia.
Edited excerpts from publication and publisher's website. Show less

Authors: Kim, Samuel; Kim, Najung; Kar, Soumyajit; Cimino, Michele

Date: 2021

Geographic subjects: Asia;

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: OECD skills studies

Subjects: Lifelong learning; Skills and knowledge; Workforce development ... [+] Show more
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Technical education and vocational training in developing nations

Severe economic depression and the difficulty in acquiring employment with an adequate income have significant impa... Show more
Severe economic depression and the difficulty in acquiring employment with an adequate income have significant impact on the social welfare of countries. This book argues that the need to provide ample educational opportunities is more imperative than ever, particularly in emerging economies. It presents literature on optimising the implementation of curriculum development and instructional design strategies for technical and vocational education. The book covers a range of topics, such as curriculum deficiency, teacher competencies, and accessible learning.
Edited excerpt from publisher's website.
The chapters are as follows: TVET in developing nations and human development / Ugochukwu Chinonso Okolie, Asfa M. Yasin; Rationale and challenges of technical vocational education and training in Uganda / James C. Okware, Willy Ngaka; The management training and development programme requirements of TVET school administrators in Brunei Darussalam / Marcelino C. Gapultos; Technological challenges in implementing TVET programmes in Nigeria / B. N. Ezekoye; Recent framework of TVET teacher education in a country on the path to reform: an analyses of Myanmar's critical challenges / Frank Bunning, Ulrike Schmidt; The TVET scenario and challenges faced by the SAARC nations: with a special focus on the Indian situation / Sumedha Tyagi; Current trends and issues in TVET in Bangladesh / Md. Shahadat Hossain Khan, Mahbub Hasan; K. M. Md. Golam Rabbani; A study of the problems faced by industrial training institutes (ITI) in India as perceived by different stakeholders / Usha Ajithkumar; Improving higher education efficiency with vocational training based on alternation / Walter Nuninger, Jean-Marie Chatelet; Skill space mission India 2025 / Y. P. Chawla, R. S. P. Singh; Quality TVET for matching needs of the industry / Jitendra Sharma; Quality concerns for success of vocational education programme / P. Veeraiah; Technical and vocational education and training: thriving in challenging times / Sandra L. Poirier, Mary Ann Remsen; Relevance of entrepreneurship in TVET / Charles O. Ogbaekirigwe, Ugochukwu Chinonso Okolie. Show less

Authors: Okolie, Ugochukwu Chinonso; Yasin, Asfa M.

Date: 2017

Geographic subjects: Uganda; Nigeria; Africa ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Edited book

Series name: Advances in higher education and professional development (AHEPD) book series

Subjects: Vocational education and training; Providers of education and training; Governance ... [+] Show more
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Industry leadership in human resources development in Myanmar

This study has a focus on industry leadership of human resources development in Myanmar [Burma], so that the newly ... Show more
This study has a focus on industry leadership of human resources development in Myanmar [Burma], so that the newly emerging economy can take advantage of the significant economic opportunities that are currently opening up. It has been estimated that by 2030 the country's [gross domestic product] GDP can quadruple, and that 10 million non-agricultural jobs can be created. This study considers five priority sectors with strong economic impact and significant employment potential: agriculture, energy and extractive industries, manufacturing, infrastructure, and tourism and hospitality. Human resources issues in these sectors are discussed and recommendations made.
The study reviews the current supply of qualified human resources in Myanmar. Approaches to human resources development in Malaysia and Singapore are summarized. A model is developed for Myanmar, which can be accommodated within recent legislation. Sector committees are proposed, through which industry leadership can be driven in partnership with a Myanmar Skills Development Agency. The low average productivity of Myanmar workers compared to workers from other Asian economies provides an urgent rationale for reform of skills training. Further impetus is provided by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Economic Community (AEC), to be established from 2015, in which all 10 ASEAN labour markets will be unified, thereby creating both opportunities for high-performing workers, and challenges should Myanmar not move speedily to strengthen its human resources development.
Edited excerpts from publication. Show less

Authors: Lythe, David

Date: 2015

Geographic subjects: Burma; Asia; Malaysia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: ILO Asia-Pacific working paper series

Subjects: Industry; Workforce development; Employment ... [+] Show more
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ASEAN in transformation: automotive and auto parts: shifting gears

This paper, 'ASEAN in transformation: automotive and auto parts: shifting gears', examines how technology is transf... Show more
This paper, 'ASEAN in transformation: automotive and auto parts: shifting gears', examines how technology is transforming the automotive and auto parts sector in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). ASEAN's automotive and auto parts sector is being significantly impacted by technology trends from electric vehicles to advances in material science, the most significant of which is robotic automation. Driven by an impetus to improve quality and consistency in production, ASEAN enterprises are swiftly moving towards greater adoption of technology. Technology is also creating a safer and cleaner working environment. However, as a result of greater technology adoption, the skills needs within the sector are changing, requiring more technical skills of greater variety and depth. To stimulate further growth in this important sector, the skills pipeline needs to be strengthened and the capacity of local automakers developed. The findings of this paper are based on over 90 interviews, five site visits to automotive manufacturing facilities in Asia, and in-depth enterprise case studies in the automotive and auto parts sector conducted in mainly in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and the United States. Secondary research was also conducted to ground the research more broadly in the ASEAN context.
Excerpts from publication. Show less

Authors: Chang, Jae-Hee; Rynhart, Gary; Huynh, Phu

Date: 2016

Geographic subjects: Asia; Indonesia; Malaysia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: Bureau for Employers' Activities (ACT/EMP) working paper

Subjects: Technology; Industry; Skills and knowledge ... [+] Show more
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Renewable energy and jobs: annual review 2020

The renewable energy sector employed 11.5 million people, directly and indirectly, in 2019. Renewable energy employ... Show more
The renewable energy sector employed 11.5 million people, directly and indirectly, in 2019. Renewable energy employment has continued to grow worldwide since 2012, when the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) began to assess it on an annual basis. The solar photovoltaic (PV), bioenergy, hydropower and wind power industries have been the biggest employers. The bulk of global jobs relate to modern energy use, but the 2019 estimate includes jobs tied to the use of decentralised solar PV to expand energy access in parts of Sub-Saharan Africa and in South Asia. The majority of these jobs are still held by men. The share of women in the renewable energy workforce is about 32 per cent, compared to 22 per cent in the energy sector overall (IRENA, 2019a).
Key findings include: (1) Most jobs have been created in a small number of countries, but employment benefits are showing up more widely, especially through the deployment of solar photovoltaic (PV) technologies. Asia accounted for 63 per cent of total jobs in renewables globally; (2) The solar PV industry retains the top spot, with 33 per cent of the total renewable energy workforce. In 2019, 91 per cent of global PV employment was concentrated in the ten countries that lead in worldwide deployment and in the production of equipment; (3) Driven by output growth of 2 per cent for ethanol and 13 per cent for biodiesel, biofuels jobs worldwide expanded to 2.5 million. Production expanded robustly in Brazil, Colombia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand, all of which have labour-intensive supply chains, whereas output in the United States and the European Union fell; (4) Employment in wind power supports 1.2 million jobs, 21 per cent of which are held by women. Onshore projects continue to predominate, but the number of countries with offshore farms now stands at 18, up from 10 a decade ago. Supply chains are expanding; (5) Hydropower has the largest installed capacity of all renewables, but its growth is slowing. The sector employs close to 2 million people directly, many in operations and maintenance; (6) Building the skills base necessary to support the ongoing global energy transition from fossil fuels to renewables requires more vocational training, stronger curricula, more teacher training and expanded use of information and communications technology for remote learning; and (7) The [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 pandemic reinforced the importance of strong policy frameworks for renewables to achieve social, economic and environmental objectives.
Edited excerpts from key findings publication. Show less

Authors: Ferroukhi, Rabia; Renner, Michael; Garcia-Banos, Celia; Elsayed, Samah ... [+] Show more

Date: 2020

Geographic subjects: Africa; Asia; Central America and the Caribbean ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Industry information

Series name: Renewable energy and jobs annual review

Subjects: Employment; Sustainability; Industry ... [+] Show more
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Technical and vocational education and training in the Asia-Pacific: practices in East Asia, Southeast Asia, and Australia in 2021

This publication presents some of the papers presented at the 2021 East and Southeast Asia UNEVOC Network Consolida... Show more
This publication presents some of the papers presented at the 2021 East and Southeast Asia UNEVOC Network Consolidation Workshops. The theme of the 2021 workshops was 'For a new normal of TVET: innovation, equity, and respect. The main objectives of the workshops were to strengthen the network among the UNEVOC member centers in East and Southeast Asia by sharing recent [techical and vocational education and training] TVET policies, leaderships, and practices. The publication also includes the following paper from the Global HR 2021 Forum: 'Youth self-employment: what do we need to know/do?' by Chandra Shah. The theme of the GHR2021 was 'Digital transformation, ESG, and sustainable future', held as a hybrid forum from November 10-11, 2021 in Seoul, Korea.
Edited excerpts from publication.
Papers from the 2021 East and Southeast Asia UNEVOC Network Consolidation Workshop 1 are as follows: Innovation and digitization of technical and vocational education and training for effective delivery / Affero Ismail, Ida Aryanie Behrudin, Nurhanim Saadah Abdullah, Suhaizal Hashim, Azita Ali; Fostering technical and vocational education and training innovation under the perspective of artificial intelligence / Wenming Yang, Zhuoya Zhong; Gender equity and equality in technical and vocational education and training, Mongolia / Tsend-Ayush Sambuu; Internationalization of Thai technical and vocational education and training: a study on models and criteria / Rangsan Tehpmondhri.
Papers from the 2021 East and Southeast Asia UNEVOC Network Consolidation Workshop 2 are as follows: Ethical leadership: potential challenges and implications for the next generation of technical and vocational education and training leaders [keynote address] / Howard Gordon; Green skills development in vocational education in the People's Republic of China / Liu Yufeng; Implementation of skills development and professional development in technical and vocational education and training institutes under the Department of Technical and Vocational Education and Training / Pyae Kyaw Thu. Show less

Authors: Park, HwaChoon

Conference name: 2021 East and Southeast Asia UNEVOC Network Consolidation Workshops

Date: 2021

Geographic subjects: Asia; Oceania; Australia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Conference

Series name: Research material (Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training)

Subjects: Vocational education and training; Providers of education and training; Technology ... [+] Show more
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Financing TVET in the East Asia and Pacific region: current status, challenges and opportunities

The East Asia and Pacific (EAP) region is very diverse and there is a wide range in the extent to which firms acros... Show more
The East Asia and Pacific (EAP) region is very diverse and there is a wide range in the extent to which firms across these countries identify the education level of their work force as being a major constraint. However, developing skills, including vocational and technical skills, and enhancing employability are clear strategic objectives in the EAP region. Countries in the region face strong pressures to expand their technical and vocational education and training (TVET) systems and enhance their quality, while also facing spending pressures on basic and higher education. As this demand increases, the need for sustainable financing for TVET becomes more urgent; this is not only about ensuring that sufficient and predictable revenue streams exist to fund training programs, but perhaps just as importantly about how financing mechanisms themselves can be strongly linked to achieving policy objectives of making TVET systems more accessible, equitable, efficient, demand-driven, responsive and relevant.
Abstract from publisher's website. Show less

Authors: Palmer, Robert

Date: 2017

Geographic subjects: Asia; Oceania; China ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Finance; Vocational education and training; Governance ... [+] Show more
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Skills for trade and economic diversification: tourist guides sector, Myanmar

This report presents an application of the Skills for Trade and Economic Diversification (STED) methodology to the ... Show more
This report presents an application of the Skills for Trade and Economic Diversification (STED) methodology to the Tourism sector of Myanmar, with specific focus on tourist guides. STED is a sector-based approach to identifying and anticipating the strategic skills needs of internationally tradable sectors. It has been developed in recognition of the fact that having the right skills among workers is crucial for firms or industries to succeed in trade, and vice-versa, understanding trade is important to provide workers with the right skills. Availability of skilled workers contributes to higher and more diversified exports, more foreign direct investment, higher absorption of technology, and more sustainable growth and productive employment creation. At the same time, skills are the key determinant for a worker's success in finding a good job and making a living. In order for skills supply to match skills demand in the labour market, it is necessary to take a forward-looking perspective, and to ask not just what skills are in demand today, but what skills will be in demand in the future.
Excerpt from publication. Show less

Authors: Noakes, Steve; Rogers, Paul; Sardana, Maria Concepcion; Huang, Qingrui ... [+] Show more

Date: 2017

Geographic subjects: Burma; Myanmar; Asia

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: Skills for Trade and Economic Diversification (STED) programme

Subjects: Skills and knowledge; Industry; Employment ... [+] Show more

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