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Education, training, and labour market systems are increasingly challenged by global developments such as digital transformation, globalization, demographic change, climate change and global disruptions such as the [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 pandemic. A fast-evolving world and a changing labour market require individuals to become real lifelong learners, to acquire new competences to cope with change and to adapt and further develop existing competences. And, secondly, there is a growing demand for valid information on the changing labour markets and future prospects. This goes along with a growing need for supporting people to manage their more frequent and complex transitions within and between education and work. In this context, there is a greater need than ever for career development support. At the same time, career development support, i.e. lifelong career guidance, and in particular career education, and career development support for workers, itself faces challenges in adapting to the new circumstances.

Against this background, the European Training Foundation (ETF) engaged in reviewing the state of national career development support systems in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia. The objective is to describe existing capacities and development potentials of career development support systems, not just services or policies, to inform policy and practice enhancement in a system approach, to support the selection of country priorities for further system development and future planning, and to inform ongoing and future EU and ETF activities, like the Youth Guarantee. The review process was led by local experts under the coordination of ETF and included (a) desk research and individual consultation interviews, (b) a national consultation meeting that involved all relevant stakeholders, (c) report distribution, and (d) discussion of findings with national authorities to identify priority areas for further system development.

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Education, training, and labour market systems are increasingly challenged by global developments such as digital transformation, globalization, demographic change, climate change and global disruptions such as the [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 pandemic. A fast-evolving world and a changing labour market require individuals to become real lifelong learners, to acquire new competences to cope with change and to adapt and further develop existing competences. And, secondly, there is a growing demand for valid information on the changing labour markets and future prospects. This goes along with a growing need for supporting people to manage their more frequent and complex transitions within and between education and work. In this context, there is a greater need than ever for career development support. At the same time, career development support, i.e. lifelong career guidance, and in particular career education, and career development support for workers, itself faces challenges in adapting to the new circumstances.

Against this background, the European Training Foundation (ETF) engaged in reviewing the state of national career development support systems in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia. The objective is to describe existing capacities and development potentials of career development support systems, not just services or policies, to inform policy and practice enhancement in a system approach, to support the selection of country priorities for further system development and future planning, and to inform ongoing and future EU and ETF activities, like the Youth Guarantee. The review process was led by local experts under the coordination of ETF and included (a) desk research and individual consultation interviews, (b) a national consultation meeting that involved all relevant stakeholders, (c) report distribution, and (d) discussion of findings with national authorities to identify priority areas for further system development.

Edited excerpts from publication. Show less

Education, training, and labour market systems are increasingly challenged by global developments such as digital transformation, globalization, demographic change, climate change and global disruptions such as the [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 pandemic. A fast-evolving world and a changing labour market require individuals to become real lifelong learners, to acquire new competences to cope with change and to adapt and further develop existing competences. And, secondly, there is a growing demand for valid information on the changing labour markets and future prospects. This goes along with a growing need for supporting people to manage their more frequent and complex transitions within and between education and work. In this context, there is a greater need than ever for career development support. At the same time, career development support, i.e. lifelong career guidance, and in particular career education, and career development support for workers, itself faces challenges in adapting to the new circumstances.

Against this background, the European Training Foundation (ETF) engaged in reviewing the state of national career development support systems in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia. The objective is to describe existing capacities and development potentials of career development support systems, not just services or policies, to inform policy and practice enhancement in a system approach, to support the selection of country priorities for further system development and future planning, and to inform ongoing and future EU and ETF activities, like the Youth Guarantee. The review process was led by local experts under the coordination of ETF and included (a) desk research and individual consultation interviews, (b) a national consultation meeting that involved all relevant stakeholders, (c) report distribution, and (d) discussion of findings with national authorities to identify priority areas for further system development.

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Education, training, and labour market systems are increasingly challenged by global developments such as digital transformation, globalization, demographic change, climate change and global disruptions such as the [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 pandemic. A fast-evolving world and a changing labour market require individuals to become real lifelong learners, to acquire new competences to cope with change and to adapt and further develop existing competences. And, secondly, there is a growing demand for valid information on the changing labour markets and future prospects. This goes along with a growing need for supporting people to manage their more frequent and complex transitions within and between education and work. In this context, there is a greater need than ever for career development support. At the same time, career development support, i.e. lifelong career guidance, and in particular career education, and career development support for workers, itself faces challenges in adapting to the new circumstances.

Against this background, the European Training Foundation (ETF) engaged in reviewing the state of national career development support systems in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia. The objective is to describe existing capacities and development potentials of career development support systems, not just services or policies, to inform policy and practice enhancement in a system approach, to support the selection of country priorities for further system development and future planning, and to inform ongoing and future EU and ETF activities, like the Youth Guarantee. The review process was led by local experts under the coordination of ETF and included (a) desk research and individual consultation interviews, (b) a national consultation meeting that involved all relevant stakeholders, (c) report distribution, and (d) discussion of findings with national authorities to identify priority areas for further system development.

Edited excerpts from publication. Show less

Education, training, and labour market systems are increasingly challenged by global developments such as digital transformation, globalization, demographic change, climate change and global disruptions such as the [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 pandemic. A fast-evolving world and a changing labour market require individuals to become real lifelong learners, to acquire new competences to cope with change and to adapt and further develop existing competences. And, secondly, there is a growing demand for valid information on the changing labour markets and future prospects. This goes along with a growing need for supporting people to manage their more frequent and complex transitions within and between education and work. In this context, there is a greater need than ever for career development support. At the same time, career development support, i.e. lifelong career guidance, and in particular career education, and career development support for workers, itself faces challenges in adapting to the new circumstances.

Against this background, the European Training Foundation (ETF) engaged in reviewing the state of national career development support systems in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Ukraine. The objective is to describe existing capacities and development potentials of career development support systems, not just services or policies, to inform policy and practice enhancement in a system approach, to support the selection of country priorities for further system development and future planning, and to inform ongoing and future EU and ETF activities, like the EU4Youth. The review process was led by local experts under the coordination of ETF and included (a) desk research and individual consultation interviews, (b) a national consultation meeting that involved all relevant stakeholders, (c) report distribution, and (d) discussion of findings with national authorities to identify priority areas for further system development.

Edited excerpts from publication. Show less

Education, training, and labour market systems are increasingly challenged by global developments such as digital transformation, globalization, demographic change, climate change and global disruptions such as the [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 pandemic. A fast-evolving world and a changing labour market require individuals to become real lifelong learners, to acquire new competences to cope with change and to adapt and further develop existing competences. And, secondly, there is a growing demand for valid information on the changing labour markets and future prospects. This goes along with a growing need for supporting people to manage their more frequent and complex transitions within and between education and work. In this context, there is a greater need than ever for career development support. At the same time, career development support, i.e. lifelong career guidance, and in particular career education, and career development support for workers, itself faces challenges in adapting to the new circumstances.

Against this background, the European Training Foundation (ETF) engaged in reviewing the state of national career development support systems in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Ukraine. The objective is to describe existing capacities and development potentials of career development support systems, not just services or policies, to inform policy and practice enhancement in a system approach, to support the selection of country priorities for further system development and future planning, and to inform ongoing and future EU and ETF activities, like the EU4Youth. The review process was led by local experts under the coordination of ETF and included (a) desk research and individual consultation interviews, (b) a national consultation meeting that involved all relevant stakeholders, (c) report distribution, and (d) discussion of findings with national authorities to identify priority areas for further system development.

Edited excerpts from publication. Show less

Education, training, and labour market systems are increasingly challenged by global developments such as digital transformation, globalization, demographic change, climate change and global disruptions such as the [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 pandemic. A fast-evolving world and a changing labour market require individuals to become real lifelong learners, to acquire new competences to cope with change and to adapt and further develop existing competences. And, secondly, there is a growing demand for valid information on the changing labour markets and future prospects. This goes along with a growing need for supporting people to manage their more frequent and complex transitions within and between education and work. In this context, there is a greater need than ever for career development support. At the same time, career development support, i.e. lifelong career guidance, and in particular career education, and career development support for workers, itself faces challenges in adapting to the new circumstances.

Against this background, the European Training Foundation (ETF) engaged in reviewing the state of national career development support systems in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Ukraine. The objective is to describe existing capacities and development potentials of career development support systems, not just services or policies, to inform policy and practice enhancement in a system approach, to support the selection of country priorities for further system development and future planning, and to inform ongoing and future EU and ETF activities, like the EU4Youth. The review process was led by local experts under the coordination of ETF and included (a) desk research and individual consultation interviews, (b) a national consultation meeting that involved all relevant stakeholders, (c) report distribution, and (d) discussion of findings with national authorities to identify priority areas for further system development.

Edited excerpts from publication. Show less

Education, training, and labour market systems are increasingly challenged by global developments such as digital transformation, globalization, demographic change, climate change and global disruptions such as the [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 pandemic. A fast-evolving world and a changing labour market require individuals to become real lifelong learners, to acquire new competences to cope with change and to adapt and further develop existing competences. And, secondly, there is a growing demand for valid information on the changing labour markets and future prospects. This goes along with a growing need for supporting people to manage their more frequent and complex transitions within and between education and work. In this context, there is a greater need than ever for career development support. At the same time, career development support, i.e. lifelong career guidance, and in particular career education, and career development support for workers, itself faces challenges in adapting to the new circumstances.

Against this background, the European Training Foundation (ETF) engaged in reviewing the state of national career development support systems in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Ukraine. The objective is to describe existing capacities and development potentials of career development support systems, not just services or policies, to inform policy and practice enhancement in a system approach, to support the selection of country priorities for further system development and future planning, and to inform ongoing and future EU and ETF activities, like the EU4Youth. The review process was led by local experts under the coordination of ETF and included (a) desk research and individual consultation interviews, (b) a national consultation meeting that involved all relevant stakeholders, (c) report distribution, and (d) discussion of findings with national authorities to identify priority areas for further system development.

Edited excerpts from publication. Show less

Education, training, and labour market systems are increasingly challenged by global developments such as digital transformation, globalization, demographic change, climate change and global disruptions such as the [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 pandemic. A fast-evolving world and a changing labour market require individuals to become real lifelong learners, to acquire new competences to cope with change and to adapt and further develop existing competences. And, secondly, there is a growing demand for valid information on the changing labour markets and future prospects. This goes along with a growing need for supporting people to manage their more frequent and complex transitions within and between education and work. In this context, there is a greater need than ever for career development support. At the same time, career development support, i.e. lifelong career guidance, and in particular career education, and career development support for workers, itself faces challenges in adapting to the new circumstances.

Against this background, the European Training Foundation (ETF) engaged in reviewing the state of national career development support systems in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia. The objective is to describe existing capacities and development potentials of career development support systems, not just services or policies, to inform policy and practice enhancement in a system approach, to support the selection of country priorities for further system development and future planning, and to inform ongoing and future EU and ETF activities, like the Youth Guarantee. The review process was led by local experts under the coordination of ETF and included (a) desk research and individual consultation interviews, (b) a national consultation meeting that involved all relevant stakeholders, (c) report distribution, and (d) discussion of findings with national authorities to identify priority areas for further system development.

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Today's labor markets are turbulent and undergoing historic disruptions in the face of accelerated automation, green and digital transformations, globalisation, fluctuating demographics, and recovering [post-Coronavirus Disease 2019] post-COVID-19 economies. Transitioning from school to work is therefore an ever more critical juncture but rapid changes in the demand side of the labor market make decision-making about education, training, and work all the more difficult. Against this backdrop, career guidance helps young people to build their capacity to make important choices about their education and career paths throughout their lives so that they may be able to visualise and plan their futures. This report is the result of joint collaboration between the United Nations Children's Fund Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia (UNICEF ECARO) and the European Training Foundation (ETF). It explores young people's needs, sentiments, and experiences with career guidance and counseling in 11 countries in the Europe and Central Asia region, consulting with over 9,600 adolescents and young people. The purpose is not only to give voice to young people but also to gain a better understanding of one of the populations that career guidance services are aimed to serve. The report additionally has a specific focus on Ukraine and the unique challenges facing young Ukrainians' learning and career choices since the start of the war in 2022.

In the 11 countries covered in this report, research has shown an overall lack of a structured career education approach from primary schooling onward. Fragmented policies and services, along with insufficient coordination and cooperation, contribute to the relative inefficiency of career guidance systems. This lack of a systemic approach to career guidance, which should have a lifelong perspective, is often linked to limited funding, where career guidance is seen as a cost rather than an investment. On the demand side, adolescents and young people told us that they wish for services to be more individualised, responsive to their needs and situations, and more accessible, such as outside formal settings (for example, school) or online. They would also like to learn about the world of work, including a critical understanding of the labor market and its trends, and not simply about what occupations are out there. Young people also want to learn about the world of learning and education, beyond the availability of courses and programs, and understand how learning can help them to achieve their life goals. Lastly, they want to learn more about themselves, not just identify their interests but also know 'who am I' as part of making change in their lives and communities.

The report presents several ways forward for policymakers, career guidance providers, practitioners, parents/guardians, and the young people themselves. Building effective career guidance systems means ensuring access to career guidance for all, both within the education system and outside, working with youth organisations, civil society, and other social partners. It also means ensuring quality by developing standards, increasing investment, building partnerships with employment services and companies, and providing experiential learning opportunities. Career guidance should be gender transformative, encapsulate a more extensive scope of career aspirations, incorporate entrepreneurship, labor rights, and labor market intelligence, and be available online and with person-centered guidance. For young people in Ukraine specifically, quality online career guidance will continue to be pivotal to their changing circumstances. Providing outreach, information, and career guidance to unserved young Ukrainians is critical.

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