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Coping with COVID-19: mapping education and training responses to the health crisis in ETF partner countries

This report focuses on how 27 countries neighbouring the European Union (EU) are coping with [Coronavirus Disease 2 ... Show more
This report focuses on how 27 countries neighbouring the European Union (EU) are coping with [Coronavirus Disease 2019] COVID-19 in the field of education and training, as part of the #learningconnects campaign. The report includes information about countries from South Eastern Europe and Turkey, the Eastern Partnership and Russia, the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean, and Central Asia on: (1) support for teachers and trainers through multiple channels; (2) access to internet and outreach measures considering equality, opportunities and digital literacy; (3) decisions regarding examinations, certification and validation; (4) school autonomy in organising digital and online learning; and (5) addressing vocational education and training beyond general education subjects.
Some good practice examples include the continued development of teachers and trainers virtually in Ukraine and Egypt and the focus on vocational education and training (VET) through training and online support in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. In addition, civil society is spearheading initiatives in Palestine, television channels are broadening access for learners in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, and emotional support is offered to students through dedicated channels in Israel.
Edited excerpt from publisher's website. Show less

Corporate authors: European Training Foundation (ETF)

Date: 2020

Geographic subjects: Albania; Algeria; Armenia ... [+] Show more for Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina; for Georgia (Republic)">Georgia (Republic); for Macedonia (Republic)">Macedonia (Republic); Macedonia">North Macedonia; rkmenistan; East">Middle East; Asia">Central Asia; [-] Show less

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Providers of education and training; Teaching and learning; Technology ... [+] Show more
The role of vocational education and training in transition countries: the case of Central and Eastern Europe and the New Independent States

This paper is available in both English and French and was presented at the UNESCO-sponsored Second International C ... Show more
This paper is available in both English and French and was presented at the UNESCO-sponsored Second International Congress on Technical and Vocational Education. It focuses on the current vocational education and training reforms in Central and Eastern Europe: Albania, Bulgaria, Bosnia-Herzegovina, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia; and the New Independent States of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgystan, Moldova, the Russian Federation, Tajikistan, Turkmenia, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. Details are given of the Phare Programme - a European Union initiative launched in 1990 to support the economic transformation of the Central and Eastern Europe countries and strengthen democracy, and the Tacis Programme - a similar initiative launched in 1991 for the New Independent States. The paper contrasts the position in the countries prior to 1989 with the present situation in regard to funding, planning, vocational education qualifications and examinations, and the type of teachers in the vocational schools. The current reforms are detailed and the consequent problems raised. The paper stresses that, in order to achieve economic and social progress in these countries, the transition process must centre on new processes and relationships for vocational education and training. This will require fundamental changes in attitudes and behaviour of all the participants: that is, the state, the institutions, teachers, students, parents, employers and employees.
The final report of the Congress is indexed at TD/INT 59.239; the volume of collected proceedings is indexed at TD/TNC 68.446; individual papers are indexed from TD/INT 58.150 to TD/INT 58.180 and at TD/UNEVOC 58.02, 58.03 and TD/UNEVOC 58.06; the main working document entitled ‘Lifelong learning and training: a bridge to the future’ is indexed at TD/TNC 68.445 and the volume of reference documents is indexed at TD/TNC 68.447. Show less

Corporate authors: European Training Foundation (ETF)

Conference name: International Congress on Technical and Vocational Education

Date: 1999

Geographic subjects: Asia; Central Asia; Europe ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Conference paper

Subjects: Vocational education and training; Governance
Labour markets and employability: trends and challenges in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Republic of Moldova and Ukraine

This publication presents a cross-country overview of labour market trends and challenges and the employability of ... Show more
This publication presents a cross-country overview of labour market trends and challenges and the employability of human capital in the six Eastern partners - Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine - during two decades of turbulent transition. These six countries, all of which are transitional economies with a common Soviet heritage, have experienced enormous social, economic and political changes, leading each to take a different pathway towards a free market economy and democracy. The first decade of transition was generally characterised by the destruction of infrastructure; a sharp decline in industrial output, agricultural output, real incomes, consumption and capital investment; and widespread poverty. The countries also faced tangible challenges to their vital national interests, including regional conflicts and civil wars. For most of the Eastern partners, the second decade of transition was a period of stabilisation and recovery. However, some continued to experience political changes that ultimately resulted in more reform-minded and Western-leaning administrations. This analysis focuses mainly on developments in the Eastern partner countries during the past decade; however, since the study was completed only recently, there is only partial coverage of the impact of the 2009 global financial crisis. The objective of the study is to enhance labour market analysis and forecasting in the Eastern partners and to support evidence-based policy making in employment, education and training in terms of new skills for new jobs. Show less

Authors: Bardak, Ummuhan; Sabadie, Jesus Alquezar; Fetsi, Anastasia; Zaman, Constantin

Corporate authors: European Training Foundation (ETF)

Date: 2011

Geographic subjects: Europe; Asia; Armenia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Subjects: Labour market; Employment; Policy ... [+] Show more
Georgia: ETF country analysis 2005

This report belongs to a series of country analyses developed by the European Training Foundation (ETF) at the end ... Show more
This report belongs to a series of country analyses developed by the European Training Foundation (ETF) at the end of 2005 for all countries in the Mediterranean region, Eastern Europe and Central Asia. It contains an overview of the country's social and economical contexts, an analysis of the educational system and a short review of the main initiatives in education and training carried out by international donors in the country. The renewed importance of vocational education and training (VET) reform in Georgia is apparent in the creation in 2005 of a stakeholders' working group with a consultative function and the approval of a 'concept of VET reform' with far-reaching innovations and recognition of the European education dimension. However, implementation of the concept will require serious work on policy and on various institutional and technical issues, including clarification of horizontal and vertical linkages in the proposed system, mechanisms for proper functioning of the proposed lifelong learning perspective, a revised qualifications framework, development of teachers and learning methods, competence-based learning and assessment, and differentiation of vocational curricula. Technical and financial assistance from international partners is important, as is the coordination of such assistance within a coherent sector strategy.
Published excerpts reprinted by permission of the copyright owner.
The series of reports is indexed from TD/TNC 84.362 to TD/TNC 84.375. Show less

Corporate authors: European Training Foundation (ETF)

Date: 2005

Geographic subjects: Asia; Georgia (Republic)

Resource type: Country information

Subjects: Vocational education and training; Outcomes; Governance ... [+] Show more
Challenges and developments in vocational education and training system reform in Eastern Europe

This regional briefing considers vocational education and training (VET) systems and policies in the countries of A ... Show more
This regional briefing considers vocational education and training (VET) systems and policies in the countries of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova, Russia and the Ukraine. It examines the general demographic, historic and economic context of these countries and then examines the key challenges and priorities facing VET policy makers in the region. Show less

Corporate authors: European Training Foundation (ETF)

Date: 2011

Geographic subjects: Europe; Asia; Armenia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: Torino Process

Subjects: Vocational education and training; Governance; Policy
Georgia: ETF country plan 2007

This report belongs to a series of country analyses developed by the European Training Foundation (ETF). It covers: ... Show more
This report belongs to a series of country analyses developed by the European Training Foundation (ETF). It covers: Socioeconomic background; Key policy issues and strategies in human resource development; EU (European Union) and other donor policies and interventions; Mid-term perspective ETF intervention strategies contributing to added value in national, EU and donor reform-support policies; The qualifications system and labour market intelligence; Social dialogue on VET (vocational education and training); Work Programme 2007: objectives and indicators. The ETF objectives for Georgia 2007 are: To support implementation of EU policies and interventions and to strengthen national capacities for VET reform particularly in the area of national qualifications.
In 2006, VET legislation was drafted, whose text was under discussion by the parliament in early 2007. The draft law suggests how the VET system will receive an impulse from approval of the new legislation. There are references to the continuity of VET with other branches of education, with different levels of qualifications and with formal and informal learning. There appears to be a clear intention to promote the role and place of the VET system in the world of work and in society. The draft law encourages openness and provides for the participation of other actors in VET governance (e.g., employers, unions, professional associations, regional entities and families). The draft law envisages the establishment of a National Qualifications Framework (NQF), alignment with European standards, and the concept of guidance. At the same time it has to be noted that explicit public-private partnerships should be considered as a necessary pre-condition for a functioning NQF and effective standards. The establishment of an NQF needs to include the concept of different modalities of learning in both formal and informal settings. Despite the recent policy developments acknowledging the role of lifelong and adult learning in education reform, further steps are required, such as: the development of a regulatory framework, the enabling of conditions for the development and supply of adult learning options, the development of mechanisms for the recognition and validation of prior learning and the outcomes of non-formal learning, the provision of lifelong information and guidance, the development of quality assurance systems, improved linkages with the education system at various levels, and the development of learning methods and financing.
Excerpts from publication reprinted by permission of the copyright owner.
The series of reports is indexed from TD/TNC 90.820 to TD/TNC 90.844. Show less

Corporate authors: European Training Foundation (ETF)

Date: 2007

Geographic subjects: Asia; Georgia (Republic)

Resource type: Country information

Subjects: Vocational education and training; Qualifications; Outcomes ... [+] Show more
Black Sea labour market reviews: Georgia country report

Georgia has made great progress in economic reform in recent years and it wants to be seen as an attractive busines ... Show more
Georgia has made great progress in economic reform in recent years and it wants to be seen as an attractive business location. Macroeconomic reforms have led to higher economic growth, increased levels of foreign investment and a reduction in corruption. This country report examines the situation in Georgia in respect of human capital, economic transition, the labour market and employment patterns, labour migration and employment policy. Georgia's population is both decreasing and aging and this has implications for the labour market and policy development. Government spending on education is low and unemployment amongst workers with higher education qualifications is high, and many skilled and educated Georgians have sought work outside Georgia. Vocational education and training (VET) is seen as an integral part of the government's commitment to poverty reduction, but this will take both time and money. Show less

Corporate authors: European Training Foundation (ETF)

Date: 2010

Geographic subjects: Georgia (Republic); Asia

Resource type: Country information

Subjects: Labour market; Policy; Economics ... [+] Show more
Georgia: education, training and employment developments 2018

This report provides an overview of key policy developments in education, training and employment in Georgia. In la ... Show more
This report provides an overview of key policy developments in education, training and employment in Georgia. In late 2017 and mid-2018, Georgia went through two rounds of government restructuring. The government is in the process of developing a new Labour Market Strategy, which is expected to be approved by the end of 2018. It is also discussing the draft Employment Service Act, which is expected to be adopted in 2019. In September 2018, the parliament adopted a new Law on Vocational Education and Training (VET), which is an important milestone for skills development and VET in Georgia. The VET law is a framework law that allows the government to develop the VET system with a lifelong learning perspective, giving it the flexibility to adjust the legal provisions to the needs of the labour market, economic development and learners. The law will also help better connect VET qualifications with higher education qualifications by ending the 'dead-end' perception of the current VET system.
Edited excerpts from publication. Show less

Corporate authors: European Training Foundation (ETF)

Date: 2019

Geographic subjects: Georgia (Republic); Asia

Resource type: Country information

Series name: Education, training and employment developments 2018

Subjects: Employment; Labour market; Governance ... [+] Show more
Torino Process 2014: Eastern Europe

Vocational education and training (VET) reforms in Eastern Europe have gained momentum since they started almost a ... Show more
Vocational education and training (VET) reforms in Eastern Europe have gained momentum since they started almost a decade ago. In the last two to three years, the countries of this region have formalised or initiated comprehensive VET sector strategies. This is one positive consequence of the focus on human capital as a key asset in the respective National Development Strategies and the prioritisation of improving education and training in government policy. While VET reform is primarily driven by economic and labour market demands, the importance of responsiveness to social need is gradually working its way up the reform agenda.
Excerpt from publication. Show less

Corporate authors: European Training Foundation (ETF)

Date: 2015

Geographic subjects: Europe; Asia; Armenia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Country information

Series name: Torino Process

Subjects: Vocational education and training; Governance; Skills and knowledge ... [+] Show more
Migration and skills in Georgia: results of the 2011/12 migration survey on the relationship between skills, migration and development

Since independence in 1991, Georgia has faced a series of crises which have had a huge impact on the economy and mi ... Show more
Since independence in 1991, Georgia has faced a series of crises which have had a huge impact on the economy and migration patterns. Estimates put the unemployment rate at around one third of the population. Youth unemployment is also high and tends to be even higher among urban and better educated young people. Migration offers a solution to unemployment and underemployment. Around five per cent of households depend on remittances supplied by migrants. This survey examined both potential and returned migrants. It found that almost one third of the adult population of Georgia are potential migrants and nearly half of returned migrants expect to migrate again. A positive outcome of migration is that nearly 10 per cent of returned migrants received training whilst abroad, thus increasing the skill level. Show less

Corporate authors: European Training Foundation (ETF) ... [+] Show more

Date: 2013

Geographic subjects: Georgia (Republic); Asia

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: ETF working paper

Subjects: Migration; Skills and knowledge; Employment ... [+] Show more