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Rural renewable energy investments and their impact on employment

The literature on access to rural energy through renewable energy is expanding rapidly, as are manifold initiatives ... Show more
The literature on access to rural energy through renewable energy is expanding rapidly, as are manifold initiatives to achieve universal access. However, much of the literature is concerned with technical aspects, financing, and the policies needed to generate an enabling environment. Only a minor portion addresses the employment aspects in more than a cursory manner. This report marshals relevant information in an effort to assess existing and potential employment impacts.
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Authors: Renner, Michael

Date: 2017

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: Strengthen publication series working paper

Subjects: Sustainability; Industry; Employment ... [+] Show more
Wastewater and jobs: the decent work approach to reducing untreated wastewater

Based on a literature review, this paper offers a summary of key opportunities and challenges concerning the inters ... Show more
Based on a literature review, this paper offers a summary of key opportunities and challenges concerning the intersection of wastewater and the world of work. Globally, more than half of freshwater withdrawals are released again as wastewater. Against the backdrop of rising global demand for water and the growing challenge of water scarcity, recognition of the potential beneficial use of adequately-treated wastewater flows is growing. This paper discusses the potential of investments of wastewater and how they impact productivity, livelihoods, job creation, skills needs, occupational safety and health, and women's employment. It further identifies the respective roles of the public and private sectors and of cooperatives.
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Authors: Renner, Michael

Date: 2017

Resource type: Report, paper or authored book

Series name: Working paper (International Labour Office. Sectoral Policies Department)

Subjects: Employment; Sustainability; Skills and knowledge ... [+] Show more
Renewable energy and jobs: annual review 2021

The 2021 Annual Review is a special edition in that it is based on a collaboration with the International Labour Or ... Show more
The 2021 Annual Review is a special edition in that it is based on a collaboration with the International Labour Organization (ILO). It presents not only jobs findings for 2020, but also offers highlights of [International Renewable Energy Agency] IRENA's work modeling the employment implications of the agency's energy transition scenarios to 2050. The special edition discusses how employment generation rides on countries' abilities to build and strengthen domestic supply chains and highlights the increasing need for expanding skills in all regions of the world to create a capable renewable energy workforce. In addition, the importance of decent jobs is discussed. This will not manifest without further ambitious policy support and investments in a future-oriented climate-safe, and just energy transition pathway, and therefore, the report finalises with the policy framework required, bringing together labour market incentives, industrial policies, and further needs to adopt social protection measures.
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Authors: Renner, Michael; Garcia-Banos, Celia; Khalid, Arslan

Date: 2021

Resource type: Industry information

Series name: Renewable energy and jobs annual review

Subjects: Employment; Industry; Technology ... [+] Show more
Renewable energy and jobs: annual review 2019

This sixth edition of Renewable energy and jobs: annual review provides the latest available estimates and calculat ... Show more
This sixth edition of Renewable energy and jobs: annual review provides the latest available estimates and calculations on renewable energy employment. It represents an on-going effort to refine and improve data and methodologies. Global numbers are based on a wide range of studies with varying methodologies and uneven detail and quality. The global renewable energy sector employed 11 million people in 2018. This compares with 10.3 million in 2017, based on available information. Employment remains concentrated in a handful of countries, with China, Brazil, the United States, India and members of the European Union in the lead. Asian countries' share remained at 60 per cent of the global total. Several factors - including national deployment and industrial policies, changes in the geographic footprint of supply chains and in trade patterns, and industry consolidation trends - shape how and where jobs are created. Nonetheless, the increasingly diverse geographic footprint of energy-generation capacities and, to a lesser degree, assembly and manufacturing plants, has created jobs in a rising number of countries.
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Authors: Renner, Michael; Garcia-Banos, Celia; Khalid, Arslan

Date: 2019

Geographic subjects: Africa;

Resource type: Industry information

Series name: Renewable energy and jobs annual review

Subjects: Employment; Sustainability; Industry ... [+] Show more
Renewable energy and jobs: annual review 2022

Jobs are of great importance in any economy. They are especially critical as the energy transition unfolds, given e ... Show more
Jobs are of great importance in any economy. They are especially critical as the energy transition unfolds, given expected changes and disruptions in economic structures. Jobs represent a tangible benefit that gives people a stake in this transformation, and therefore promises to raise its political acceptance. This ninth edition of the annual review provides the latest estimates of renewable energy employment globally.
Based on a wide range of studies and reports the report surveys the global renewable energy employment landscape as of 2021. It discusses experiences in selected countries with respect to deployment trends, policy contexts and [Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)] pandemic impacts, with an eye to job numbers as well as job quality. This edition spotlights issues of job quality and labour standards in the mining and processing of raw materials inputs (upstream) and in the handling of materials once renewable energy generating facilities are decommissioned (downstream).
The lingering impacts of the COVID-19 crisis have put a spotlight on the viability of far-flung supply chains. Trade disputes and geopolitical rivalries are reinforcing interest in localisation of supply chains, both to enhance resilience in the face of external shocks and to boost domestic value creation and jobs. Numerous countries are adopting trade measures and industrial policy strategies to build and expand their supply chains. Other key policy objectives include ensuring jobs are decent, and that equal employment opportunities exist for women, youth and minorities.
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Authors: Renner, Michael; Garcia-Banos, Celia; Khalid, Arslan

Date: 2022

Resource type: Industry information

Series name: Renewable energy and jobs annual review

Subjects: Employment; Industry; Technology ... [+] Show more
Renewable energy and jobs: annual review 2023

This tenth edition of this series offers the latest set of global renewable energy employment estimates, which are ... Show more
This tenth edition of this series offers the latest set of global renewable energy employment estimates, which are based on International Renewable Energy Agency's own methodologies and calculations, as well as a large array of reports published by government agencies, industry associations, non-governmental organisations and academic experts. The report examines the renewable energy employment landscape as of 2022 globally as well as for selected countries. Against the backdrop of investment and deployment trends and a variety of policy contexts, it discusses job numbers as well as job quality and workforce diversity in the core segments of the renewable energy supply chain.
The key finding of this edition is that the global renewable energy sector employed 13.7 million people directly as well as indirectly in 2022. The number has been growing over the past decade, from 7.3 million in 2012, thanks mainly to solar photovoltaic (PV), bioenergy, hydropower and wind power. The socio-economic modelling undertaken for this series indicates that the large-scale investment required to put the world on a climate-safe pathway would create many millions of additional jobs in the next decades.
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Authors: Renner, Michael; Garcia-Banos, Celia; Khalid, Arslan

Date: 2023

Resource type: Industry information

Series name: Renewable energy and jobs annual review

Subjects: Industry; Employment; Policy ... [+] Show more
Renewable energy and jobs: annual review 2018

The industry created more than 500 000 new jobs globally in 2017, with the total number of people employed in renew ... Show more
The industry created more than 500 000 new jobs globally in 2017, with the total number of people employed in renewables (including large hydropower) surpassing 10 million for the first time. This report presents the status of employment, both by technology and in selected countries, over the past year. Jobs in the sector (including large hydropower) increased 5.3 per cent in 2017, for a total of 10.3 million people employed worldwide. China, Brazil, the United States, India, Germany and Japan have remained the world's biggest renewable energy employers, representing more than 70 per cent of such jobs. While growing numbers of countries reap socio-economic benefits from renewables, the bulk of manufacturing still takes place in relatively few countries. Four-fifths of all renewable energy jobs in 2017 were in Asia. Among the various technologies based on renewables, the solar photovoltaic (PV) industry supports the most jobs. PV jobs increased almost 9 per cent to reach 3.4 million around the world in 2017, reflecting the year's record 94 gigawatts of PV installation. Jobs in the global wind power industry contracted slightly to 1.15 million. Europe still accounts for five of the world's top ten countries for installed wind power capacity.
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Authors: Renner, Michael; Garcia-Banos, Celia; Nagpal, Divyam; Khalid, Arslan

Date: 2018

Geographic subjects: Africa; Asia; Europe ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Industry information

Series name: Renewable energy and jobs annual review

Subjects: Industry; Skills and knowledge; Sustainability ... [+] Show more
Renewable energy and jobs: annual review 2014

As the slow recovery in the global economy fails to invigorate labour markets, job creation has come to the forefro ... Show more
As the slow recovery in the global economy fails to invigorate labour markets, job creation has come to the forefront of policy debate and countries' strategic choices. While the potential of renewable energy to create jobs is widely recognised, further analysis is required to understand its full benefits. Assessing the status and trends in renewable energy employment and analysing all related dimensions (policies, skills, gender considerations, etc.) are essential for policy making. In this context, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) has been conducting various studies to bridge the knowledge gap on these issues. IRENA estimates that globally, 6.5 million people are working directly or indirectly in the renewable energy sector, based on a literature review and annual data collection from various sources. This publication presents the status of renewable energy employment by technology and by selected countries.
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Authors: Ferroukhi, Rabia; Khalid, Arslan; Lopez-Pena, Alvaro; Renner, Michael

Date: 2014

Resource type: Industry information

Series name: Renewable energy and jobs annual review

Subjects: Industry; Sustainability; Employment ... [+] Show more
Renewable energy and jobs: annual review 2017

The renewable energy sector employed 9.8 million people, directly and indirectly, in 2016 - a 1.1 per cent increase ... Show more
The renewable energy sector employed 9.8 million people, directly and indirectly, in 2016 - a 1.1 per cent increase over 2015. Jobs in renewables, excluding large hydropower, increased by 2.8 per cent to reach 8.3 million in 2016. Renewable energy employment worldwide has continued to grow since IRENA's first annual assessment in 2012, but the last two years have seen a more moderate rate of growth. The most consistent increase has come from jobs in the solar PV and wind categories, together more than doubling since 2012. In contrast, employment in solar heating and cooling and large hydropower has declined.
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Authors: Ferroukhi, Rabia; Khalid, Arslan; Garcia-Banos, Celia; Renner, Michael

Date: 2017

Geographic subjects: Africa; Algeria; Asia ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Industry information

Series name: Renewable energy and jobs annual review

Subjects: Industry; Skills and knowledge; Sustainability ... [+] Show more
Renewable energy and jobs: annual review 2016

This review presents the status of renewable energy employment, both by technology and in selected countries, over ... Show more
This review presents the status of renewable energy employment, both by technology and in selected countries, over the past year. This edition estimates that renewable energy employed 8.1 million people around the world in 2014 (excluding large hydropower). This is a five per cent increase from the number reported the previous year. In addition, the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) conducted a second global estimate of large hydropower employment, showing approximately 1.3 million direct jobs in the sector. While the growth in jobs slowed down compared to previous years, the total number of jobs in renewables worldwide continued to rise, in stark contrast with depressed labour markets in the broader energy sector. Countries with the highest number of renewable energy jobs were China, Brazil, the United States, India, Japan and Germany.
Solar PV was the largest renewable energy employer with 2.8 million jobs worldwide, an 11 per cent increase over 2014. Solar PV employment grew in Japan and the United States, stabilised in China, and continued decreasing in the European Union. Wind power witnessed a record growth year. Strong installation rates in China, the United States and Germany resulted in a five per cent increase in global employment, to reach 1.1 million jobs. IRENA's early research indicates that the renewable energy features more gender parity than the broader energy sector.
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Authors: Ferroukhi, Rabia; Khalid, Arslan; Renner, Michael; Lopez-Pena, Alvaro

Date: 2016

Geographic subjects: Asia; Brazil; China ... [+] Show more

Resource type: Industry information

Series name: Renewable energy and jobs annual review

Subjects: Industry; Skills and knowledge; Sustainability ... [+] Show more