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On January 30, 2014, President Barack Obama directed Vice President Joseph Biden to lead a Government-wide review of Federal programs in the workforce and training system to ensure they are designed to equip the nation's workers with skills matching the needs of employers looking to hire. The review culminated in an action plan to make the system more job-driven, integrated, and effective. To inform the development of the action plan, agencies were asked to summarize the evidence on adult and youth job training strategies and programs to '... determine what information is lacking and identify future research and evaluation that can be undertaken to ensure the Federal programs invest in effective practices'. This document presents the results of that evidence summary.

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For America to successfully compete in the 21st century, its workers will need to be better educated to fill new jobs and more flexible to respond to the changing knowledge and skill requirements of existing jobs. New forms of cooperation and collaboration between employers, educators, trainers and labour unions will need to be forged and lifelong learning will also need to be central to this reform. Economic success will require adopting organisational work systems that allow workers to operate with increased autonomy and accountability and cannot succeed without additional investment in the skills of U.S. workers. This paper focuses on the employment, skills and training challenges that face the U.S. as it moves into the 21st century. It discusses the changing nature of the U.S. economy and its effect on existing and new jobs and the benefits of education and training for the U.S. workforce. Show less