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The purpose of this study was to identify the leadership competencies most required for leaders operating in Korean organizations and to examine the characteristics of leadership development practices used for developing those competencies. The Delphi method was used to obtain the consensus of a group of leadership development experts in Korea and, ultimately, to identify and prioritize issues relevant to this study. The findings revealed that some universal leadership competencies commonly identified in the global leadership literature are important for contemporary leaders in Korea; at the same time, there are idiosyncratic competencies required that reflect the characteristics of Korean society. In addition, Korean organizations have adopted many leadership development methods developed in western countries, and the relatively new methods such as coaching and 360-degree feedback are considered to be more effective than the traditional methods. Finally, strong support from the [chief executive officer] CEO and top management is the most critical factor affecting the success of leadership development practices in Korea.

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Since 2001, the issue of the low ratio of women faculty in universities has been prominent in Korea because of its negative impact on female students and gender equality at the university level that has affected human resource development and utilization at the national level. To address this issue, the Korean government developed and executed an education policy, the Policy on Women Faculty Increase (PWFI) from 2004 to 2006. This paper investigated reactions to the PWFI and changes made as a result of the policy in the conservative Korean higher education context. We found that although the PWFI has particularly contributed to increasing the representativeness of women faculty in areas in which women faculty used to be rare, overall the PWFI has not made significant improvements in most participating universities due to the lack of internal motives and drivers and effective systems to support the policy. Recommendations for improvements in the policy are offered.

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