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When immigrants arrive in a new country, they are confronted with new labour market requirements such as language proficiency, familiarity with job-search procedures and work practices which they are not always able to satisfy. Over time, this expertise can be acquired, and in principle immigrant performance in the receiving country should be similar to that of the native-born after a certain time has elapsed. In practice, however, differences persist: experience and qualifications may not be fully recognised, social capital may be lacking, or discriminatory hiring practices may persist among employers. These obstacles affect not only new immigrants, but, surprisingly, their children too, even if the children are born and educated in the receiving country. What can be done to improve the labour market integration of immigrants and their children? Employers need to have the necessary information and incentives to assess the skills and qualifications of immigrants properly. Governments have a role to play in promoting language and vocational training, and encouraging diversity in the workplace. Immigrants themselves need to adapt to the requirements of the host country employers. The viability of future migration policies, in particular greater recourse to immigration, will depend to a large extent on how successful OECD countries and immigrants are in achieving the objective of successful integration in the labour market. This publication reviews the labour market integration of immigrants and their children in four OECD countries - Belgium, France, the Netherlands and Portugal - and provides country-specific recommendations.