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The focus of this paper is on the schools' influence on the transition of youths to adulthood. Similarly, it brings attention to labor market policies and programs that have an impact on the youths' access to jobs and their further preparation for the world of work. Providing youths with skills for employment in school, and for seeking work after leaving school is viewed by policymakers as essential to a successful transition. For the youths who miss early education opportunities or make bad choices in acquiring education, second chance options for obtaining this education are potentially important to the transition. A substantial literature has emerged around these investments in skills development evaluating their impact on the youth transition and labor market outcomes. This paper sets out to review the literature in advanced and developing countries and assess the impact of technical and vocational education and training (TVET) on the transition to work. The focus is on efficiency criteria (pay and employment) in evaluating the transition. The review assesses whether the benefits of pay and employment exceed the cost of TVET provision. Where these criteria are not met, however, conditions may still favor investment in TVET on the basis of equity criteria. The review continues by looking at skills development in the workplace, the diversity of provision, the role of employers, and outcomes of efforts to overcome education failures and bad choices for skills development through second chance options.