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In 1997, a taskforce was established by the Employment and Training Administration of the US Department of Labor and the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) of the US Department of Justice to investigate ways of addressing the employment and training needs of young offenders. In 1999, the National Youth Employment Coalition (NYEC), in cooperation with the Youth Development and Research Fund (YDRF) and the Justice Policy Institute (JPI), was commissioned by the Annie E. Casey Foundation to further develop the work of this taskforce. The aim was to identify exemplary programs and policy initiatives that help court-involved youth become economically self-sufficient. This report: identifies barriers to juvenile justice system reform; reviews the literature on youth employment, workforce development, and juvenile justice; surveys and synthesises information on innovative state and local policy initiatives; and examines exemplary employment and development programs for court-involved youth.