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This paper looks at policies, programs and measures that encourage the mutual recognition of qualifications and cross border mobility. It describes developments in the European Union (EU) and in Australia and New Zealand, comparing the similarities and differences in the experiences of the two regions with this issue. The paper first presents some background information on mobility and mutual recognition in the EU, and then examines the three challenges facing European labour markets (inadequate occupational mobility; low geographic mobility; and insufficient relevant labour market information) and some of the programs that have been implemented to address these challenges. The discussion then focuses on Australia and New Zealand, looking firstly at the background to mobility and mutual recognition between the two countries. The authors then discuss the quite different approach taken by Australia and New Zealand to the issue of the mutual recognition of registration requirements for different occupations, focusing on the those aspects of the Mutual Recognition Agreement (MRA) (Australia) and the Trans-Tasman Mutual Recognition Arrangement (TTMRA) that deal with the registration of individuals to provide services.