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This paper discusses the Functional Adult Literacy Program (FALP) developed in Turkey. FALP is taught by volunteer instructors and focuses on individuals who have had very little or no schooling. The two evaluation studies of the first three cohorts of the program indicate that FALP is significantly more effective than existing programs in developing word recognition and reading comprehension. However, lasting benefits depend on the initial literacy levels of the participants and the extent of literacy use after the course. The implications for adult literacy programs in general are discussed in light of the evaluation data and the authors' observations.