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'Training & employment' is a quarterly English-language newsletter aimed at informing the international community about research and other activities undertaken by the Centre for Research on Education, Training and Employment (CEREQ) in France. The article in this issue examines the changing means of middle management recruitment in industry in the UK, France and Germany, drawing on research results from a comparative study undertaken through the Leonardo da Vinci program. Many industrial companies are increasingly recruiting higher-education graduates for their middle-management positions whereas these have traditionally been filled through the promotion of existing workers. This new form of recruitment is closely linked to national contexts but generally does not take place on the same scale or at the same rate in all the companies using it. The study raised a number of questions: (1) what is the future of worker careers?; (2) what will the consequences be for choices of initial and continuing training streams; and (3) what solutions could help revitalise worker advancement through promotion.