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The core topic of this paper is how to train the poor for employment under conditions of economic stagnation. The author suggests that there is evidence from research that training does not create jobs, so if, in a given environment, jobs are not being created, there are issues to do with existing training systems and what to offer those who are not getting jobs. The tension between general and vocational/technical education is examined. The paper concludes with an overview of some suggested pathways and programs for consideration. Some of the programs contain mechanisms to target to the poor a few existing jobs. Others focus on the notion that education and basic skills training is less perishable than job-specific training. A final category offers preparation for self employment.