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This report presents the outcomes of research commissioned by the Commonwealth of Learning with funding from the Department for International Development, United Kingdom. The case studies in this report demonstrate the potential and importance of distance learning approaches in advancing the contribution of nonformal education to social and economic development in Africa. The research also revealed that distance learning approaches could help to change people's attitudes and behaviours and motivate rural communities to work towards the improvement of their socio-economic conditions. Five case studies of the application of open and distance learning strategies in Sub-Saharan Africa are critically analysed and the key factors for the success of these innovative methods of delivery are identified. The chapters are: Introduction / Richard Siaciwena; Ghana: the use of radio in the national Literacy and Functional Skills Project [LFSP] in the Volta and Northern Regions / Kofi Siabi-Mensah; Kenya: the African Medical Research Foundation [AMREF] / Anna P. Mwangi; Tanzania: INADES-Formation, Tanzania / Amon Z. Mattee; Uganda: the Ministry of Health distance education programme / Juliana Bbuye; Zambia: Radio Farm Forums [RFF] / David Sibalwa; Conclusion / Richard Siaciwena.