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This chapter considers how societies attain a particular level of skill formation, placing emphasis on the historical processes involved in resolving conflict over skill formation. The chapter contains two main sections. The first outlines what the authors hypothesise are the main institutional requirements for a capitalist economy with a high level of skill formation. The second part of the chapter sets out to provide a model of how the most important institutional conditions emerged at a specific juncture in history, and how they are related through time. This model can be applied to specific societies, enabling explanation of how and why different societies have achieved different levels of skill formation.