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Increasing the availability of schooling is widely thought to have significant potential for increasing growth and reducing inequality in developing countries. This chapter details how Brazilian investments in schooling compare with other countries. Regressions of enrolment rates are estimated as a function of income and the adult literacy rates are also analysed. Despite Brazil's relatively good situation in terms of primary schooling in 1965, the minimal increase in investments in all levels of schooling since then has left Brazil with lower enrolment rates in basic education than predicted for a country of its income level. The authors provide a descriptive cross-country perspective regarding how Brazilian schooling investments compare with those in other developing countries, based primarily on 1990 data from the World Bank and supplemented by 1965 and 1970 data from UNESCO.