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All vocational education and training (VET) participants (individuals, enterprises and governments) are affected by changes in the economy. Data on recent macro changes in production and employment and changes in workforce composition and its association with training are provided and reviewed. The paper contends that government policy has been strongly focused on entry-level training and employer involvement in training. Now attention has to be given to sustaining individual demand for training by the growing numbers not in large firms or in full-time permanent employment. Training programs for the unemployed, underemployed, other jobless and less advantaged remain a major issue. The complete proceedings of this conference in one volume may be found at TD/TNC 53.04.