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The development of the European single market and rapid technological changes have resulted in major economic changes in Europe and have convinced the governments of the need to upgrade their economic and training systems in the face of economic globalisation. This paper summarises the degree to which the common economic and demographic context and the common policy vocabulary have produced a convergence in European education and training systems, with particular reference to the decade beginning in 1984. The extent to which there has been a common movement and the extent to which there has been a significant resulting convergence in European education and training systems are outlined with respect to: levels of participation; public expenditure on education; governance and regulation; the secondary phase of compulsory education; initial post-compulsory education and training; and continuing and higher education and training, including lifelong learning.