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This chapter outlines five sets of reform initiatives that are interrelated in their objectives and that were all undertaken or fostered by the Department of Human Resources Development Canada (HRDC). These are: innovative features of Canada's Employment Insurance (EI) program; The Canadian Out of Employment Panel (COEP) surveys; The National Child Benefit (NCB) program; The Self Sufficiency Project (SSP); and new publicly accessible Internet Recruiting Information (IRI) services. These initiatives have laid the foundation for the development of a new approach to Canadian social policy, and all have federal government roots, but important local dimensions. They involve new partnership arrangements with subordinate-national levels of government. These initiatives also reflect a government sector choice to become more proactive in dealing with problems of unemployment.